Seamless vertical handover technique for vehicular ad-hoc networks using artificial bee colony-particle swarm optimisation
The vehicular ad-hoc networks are becoming a significant service in recent years. However, they are facing many challenges that require solutions so that wireless communication systems are able to coexist with each other effectively. One of these challenges is the mobility solution that facilitat...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84197/1/FK%202019%2083%20-%20ir.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84197/ |
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| Summary: | The vehicular ad-hoc networks are becoming a significant service in recent years.
However, they are facing many challenges that require solutions so that wireless
communication systems are able to coexist with each other effectively. One of these
challenges is the mobility solution that facilitates mobile nodes with seamless
heterogeneous roaming abilities that requires a seamless handover technique. Naturally,
the vertical handover that occurs during inter-system roaming requires both link layer
and network layer handovers to take place once the change occurs in the network point
of attachment and device interface. Many institutions and individuals are investigating
and standardising efforts trying to design a final implementation of these communication
layers. Nevertheless, for the particular purpose of vertical handover in a heterogeneous
vehicular network, these two layers require an information preparation before any
operations of handover as it affects the performance parameters directly and thus
required to achieve a seamless handover. This thesis aimed to probe in detail the vertical
handover in a heterogeneous vehicular ad-hoc network that comprises two significant
aspects. These aspects are the information gathering of the network and the information
usage during the vertical handover.
Firstly, we proposed a multi-criteria artificial bee colony hybrid with particle swarm
optimisation algorithm (MC ABC-PSO) for evaluating the information gathered from
the mobile nodes in the handover. The algorithm will process and calculate the required
handover timing for each node in advance, based on the mobile nodes’ velocity and
received signal strength to reduce the handover process latency. Secondly, the
information is used to support all vertical handover operations, which includes network
discovery, handover decision, and handover implementation. In the initial stage of the operation, the previous access point provides information about
the neighbouring networks for the mobile node (MN) to quickly discover available
networks. The second stage of the operation is selecting the best available network for
the MN by considering its velocity and distance. The final operation involves the mobile
node sharing the current information with its neighbours’ nodes based on its current
location. The results show the benefits of the proposed MC ABC-PSO method by
reducing the handover decision delays by 25%. It gives the optimum performance in
terms of network selections and reducing the handover latency by 14.5% and the number
of unnecessary handovers by 48% as compared to the previous technique for three
different mobility scenarios based on traffic environments (highway, urban and traffic
jam). |
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