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Yield, physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of MR219 rice mutants and their effects on glycemic index and responses in Balb/c mice

Rice is the most important food in Malaysia. Large efforts have been undertaken towards new variety development, technology improvement and innovation. Mutation technique is a conventional breeding method and it is very effective in improvement of main crop characteristics such...

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Main Author: Kadar, Asma Ilyani
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2018
Subjects:
Rice
Glycemic index
Food - Analysis
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/83978/1/FP%202019%2038%20-%20ir.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/83978/
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spelling my.upm.eprints.839782022-01-04T07:02:44Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/83978/ Yield, physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of MR219 rice mutants and their effects on glycemic index and responses in Balb/c mice Kadar, Asma Ilyani Rice is the most important food in Malaysia. Large efforts have been undertaken towards new variety development, technology improvement and innovation. Mutation technique is a conventional breeding method and it is very effective in improvement of main crop characteristics such as yield traits, resistance to diseases and pests and nutritional qualities. The continuous increase in rice consumption on daily basis due to increase in human population causes health related issues among diabetic’s patients. As the awareness of the general public as related to healthy food increases, diabetic patients are constantly in search of rice variety suitable for their diet. Thus, this study was undertaken to determine the genetic variations among quantitative traits such as physic-chemical, nutritional and yield characteristics of MR219 mutant lines and their glycemic responses in relation to diabetic conditions. In this study, MR219 seeds were treated with carbon ion radiation (60 Gray) by AVF-Cyclotron at the National Institute of Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Japan and were planted at the Malaysian Nuclear Agency up to forth mutant generation (M4). Thirty-one M4 mutant lines (ML1 to ML31) were evaluated on vegetative, yield and yield components, physico-chemical characteristics and nutritional composition in comparison with the parental variety, MR219. Analysis of variance revealed that there was a significant difference among the mutant lines in culm height, days to flowering, number of tillers, number of panicles, 1000-grain weight, total grain weight, moisture content, total of dry matter, alkaline spreading value, gel consistency, amylose content, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, carbohydrate and energy. Mutant line ML21 had the best performance in majority of yield components and vegetative traits as compared to other mutant lines and parental variety. For nutritional composition, mutant lines namely ML31, ML21, ML10, ML19 were improved in crude protein content, dietary fibre and carbohydrate content. The phenotypic coefficient of variation of vegetative, yield and yield components were found higher than their genotypic coefficient of variation. These indicated great environmental effects in this population. The estimation of glycemic index revealed two mutant lines namely ML3 and ML30 had significantly lower glucose reading (5.49mmol/L and 5.47mmol/L, respectively) than parental variety and other mutant lines. The normal glucose reading in ML3 and ML30 also resulted in moderate GI values (65% and 66%, respectively) and could be suggested for further breeding programme to develop low GI rice. In this study, ion beam irradiation had significantly induced genetic variability in yield and yield components, physico- chemical characteristics and nutritional composition which also affected the glycemic index of the rice. 2018-10 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/83978/1/FP%202019%2038%20-%20ir.pdf Kadar, Asma Ilyani (2018) Yield, physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of MR219 rice mutants and their effects on glycemic index and responses in Balb/c mice. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Rice Glycemic index Food - Analysis
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
topic Rice
Glycemic index
Food - Analysis
spellingShingle Rice
Glycemic index
Food - Analysis
Kadar, Asma Ilyani
Yield, physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of MR219 rice mutants and their effects on glycemic index and responses in Balb/c mice
description Rice is the most important food in Malaysia. Large efforts have been undertaken towards new variety development, technology improvement and innovation. Mutation technique is a conventional breeding method and it is very effective in improvement of main crop characteristics such as yield traits, resistance to diseases and pests and nutritional qualities. The continuous increase in rice consumption on daily basis due to increase in human population causes health related issues among diabetic’s patients. As the awareness of the general public as related to healthy food increases, diabetic patients are constantly in search of rice variety suitable for their diet. Thus, this study was undertaken to determine the genetic variations among quantitative traits such as physic-chemical, nutritional and yield characteristics of MR219 mutant lines and their glycemic responses in relation to diabetic conditions. In this study, MR219 seeds were treated with carbon ion radiation (60 Gray) by AVF-Cyclotron at the National Institute of Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Japan and were planted at the Malaysian Nuclear Agency up to forth mutant generation (M4). Thirty-one M4 mutant lines (ML1 to ML31) were evaluated on vegetative, yield and yield components, physico-chemical characteristics and nutritional composition in comparison with the parental variety, MR219. Analysis of variance revealed that there was a significant difference among the mutant lines in culm height, days to flowering, number of tillers, number of panicles, 1000-grain weight, total grain weight, moisture content, total of dry matter, alkaline spreading value, gel consistency, amylose content, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, carbohydrate and energy. Mutant line ML21 had the best performance in majority of yield components and vegetative traits as compared to other mutant lines and parental variety. For nutritional composition, mutant lines namely ML31, ML21, ML10, ML19 were improved in crude protein content, dietary fibre and carbohydrate content. The phenotypic coefficient of variation of vegetative, yield and yield components were found higher than their genotypic coefficient of variation. These indicated great environmental effects in this population. The estimation of glycemic index revealed two mutant lines namely ML3 and ML30 had significantly lower glucose reading (5.49mmol/L and 5.47mmol/L, respectively) than parental variety and other mutant lines. The normal glucose reading in ML3 and ML30 also resulted in moderate GI values (65% and 66%, respectively) and could be suggested for further breeding programme to develop low GI rice. In this study, ion beam irradiation had significantly induced genetic variability in yield and yield components, physico- chemical characteristics and nutritional composition which also affected the glycemic index of the rice.
format Thesis
author Kadar, Asma Ilyani
author_facet Kadar, Asma Ilyani
author_sort Kadar, Asma Ilyani
title Yield, physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of MR219 rice mutants and their effects on glycemic index and responses in Balb/c mice
title_short Yield, physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of MR219 rice mutants and their effects on glycemic index and responses in Balb/c mice
title_full Yield, physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of MR219 rice mutants and their effects on glycemic index and responses in Balb/c mice
title_fullStr Yield, physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of MR219 rice mutants and their effects on glycemic index and responses in Balb/c mice
title_full_unstemmed Yield, physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of MR219 rice mutants and their effects on glycemic index and responses in Balb/c mice
title_sort yield, physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of mr219 rice mutants and their effects on glycemic index and responses in balb/c mice
publishDate 2018
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/83978/1/FP%202019%2038%20-%20ir.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/83978/
_version_ 1724075411532414976
score 13.211869

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