Application of exopolysaccharide produced by chlorella vulgaris as adjuvant for mannheimia haemolytica a2 vaccine in goat
Pneumonic mannheimiosis is a common respiratory disease among small ruminants caused by Mannheimia haemolytica A2. Presently, the most efficient and costeffective mean of protection against this disease is through proper intranasal vaccination but the commercially available vaccines shown poor im...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
2022
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| Online Access: | http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/15595 |
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| Summary: | Pneumonic mannheimiosis is a common respiratory disease among small ruminants
caused by Mannheimia haemolytica A2. Presently, the most efficient and costeffective
mean of protection against this disease is through proper intranasal
vaccination but the commercially available vaccines shown poor immunogenicity
responses, or low protection level. Therefore, improving the vaccine via stimulating
greater immune response requires incorporation of adjuvant. This study measures the
potential of exopolysaccharide (EPS) extracted from Chlorella vulgaris as an
adjuvant vaccine that can trigger the humoral and cellular immune response in both
mucosal and systemic immunity against M. haemolytica A2 infection. Initially, prior
to formation of Exopolysaccharide- M. haemolytica A2 (EPS-MHA2) vaccine, tests
conducted to verify EPS’s characteristics which include using of Gel Permeation
Chromatography (GPC) shown its molecular weight of 2398 Da. Its typical signals
for polysaccharides were detected by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FTIR).
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) displayed the compact microstructure of EPS
surface view while cytotoxicity test proved EPS nontoxicity. Subsequently, the
potentiality of EPS-MHA2 as adjuvanted vaccine was put to pre-clinical test on
white rats to determine its ability to enhance and stimulate immune response, which
indicated by the significant high-level production of antibody (IgM, IgG and IgA) in
blood serum of Sprague Dawley. |
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