Microfibrillated cellulose-reinforced alginate microbeads for delivery of palm-based vitamin E: Characterizations and in vitro evaluation
In this study, palm-based vitamin E-loaded emulsions were immobilized within microfibrillated cellulose-reinforced alginate microbeads by dripping vitamin E-loaded emulsions into the crosslinking solution. FTIR spectrum of crosslinked microbeads demonstrated the characteristic peaks of vitamin E at...
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Main Authors: | , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2022
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Online Access: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/42215/ |
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Summary: | In this study, palm-based vitamin E-loaded emulsions were immobilized within microfibrillated cellulose-reinforced alginate microbeads by dripping vitamin E-loaded emulsions into the crosslinking solution. FTIR spectrum of crosslinked microbeads demonstrated the characteristic peaks of vitamin E at 1447, 1380, 1255, 1096 and 944 cm(-1), implying the entrapment of the therapeutic agent. The microbeads were observed to be spherical under SEM and the external surfaces of the microbeads were rough with visible wrinkles. Results showed that highest compressive strength of 58.8 kPa was obtained for alginate microbeads containing Tween 80:Brij 35-stabilized emulsions with 0.25% w/v hydrophilic oxidized celluloses. This indicated that ammonium persulfate-oxidized celluloses participate in the formation of densely packed and three-dimensional matrix structures of microbeads by interacting with calcium ions via their -COO- groups. Likewise, the highest encapsulation efficiency of 98.7% was also achieved by the 0.25% ammonium persulfate-oxidized cellulose reinforced alginate microbeads containing Tween 80:Brij 35-stabilized emulsion. In addition, the alginate/microfibrillated cellulose microbeads were more resistant against swelling in low pH condition because of the enhanced stability promoted by the biobased microfibrillated celluloses. The microbeads showed slow release of vitamin E in the simulated gastric pH fluid but tend to release in the simulated intestinal pH fluid to allow the absorption of the drug. |
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