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The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells

The effects of acid hydrolysis parameters (acid type, acid concentration, reaction time, and temperature) on the properties of nanocellulose (NC) extracted from almond shells were investigated. The highest percentage yield of NC obtained from each type of acid was 71.8% using 25% w/v sulfuric acid a...

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Main Authors:	Mohammed, Mohammed Alhaji, Basirun, Wan Jeffrey, Abd Rahman, N. M. Mira, Shalauddin, Md, Salleh, Noordini M.
Format:	Article
Published:	Taylor & Francis Inc 2022
Subjects:	QD Chemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/40421/ https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2022.2116518
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spelling	my.um.eprints.404212024-07-15T06:37:52Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/40421/ The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells Mohammed, Mohammed Alhaji Basirun, Wan Jeffrey Abd Rahman, N. M. Mira Shalauddin, Md Salleh, Noordini M. QD Chemistry The effects of acid hydrolysis parameters (acid type, acid concentration, reaction time, and temperature) on the properties of nanocellulose (NC) extracted from almond shells were investigated. The highest percentage yield of NC obtained from each type of acid was 71.8% using 25% w/v sulfuric acid at 50 degrees C for 60 min, followed by 71.1% with 50% w/v perchloric acid at 35 degrees C for 15 min, and finally 67% with 50% w/v methane sulfonic acid at 25 degrees C for 10 min. The hydrolysis treatment using sulfuric and perchloric acids greatly affect the NC particle size and length. The extracted NCs show different thermal degradation profiles due to the difference in the crystallinity index and types of acid used. Hydrolysis with strong acids (sulfuric and perchloric acids) produce NC with lower crystallinity due to the degradation of both amorphous and crystalline regions in the cellulose. Furthermore, BET analysis revealed the NCs from the hydrolysis using sulfuric acid possesses the highest surface area, desorption/adsorption pore diameter, desorption, and adsorption cumulative pore volume compared to other acids. Taylor & Francis Inc 2022-11-28 Article PeerReviewed Mohammed, Mohammed Alhaji and Basirun, Wan Jeffrey and Abd Rahman, N. M. Mira and Shalauddin, Md and Salleh, Noordini M. (2022) The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells. Journal Of Natural Fibers, 19 (16). pp. 14102-14114. ISSN 1544-0478, DOI https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2022.2116518 <https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2022.2116518>. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2022.2116518 10.1080/15440478.2022.2116518
institution	Universiti Malaya
building	UM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaya
content_source	UM Research Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic	QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry Mohammed, Mohammed Alhaji Basirun, Wan Jeffrey Abd Rahman, N. M. Mira Shalauddin, Md Salleh, Noordini M. The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells
description	The effects of acid hydrolysis parameters (acid type, acid concentration, reaction time, and temperature) on the properties of nanocellulose (NC) extracted from almond shells were investigated. The highest percentage yield of NC obtained from each type of acid was 71.8% using 25% w/v sulfuric acid at 50 degrees C for 60 min, followed by 71.1% with 50% w/v perchloric acid at 35 degrees C for 15 min, and finally 67% with 50% w/v methane sulfonic acid at 25 degrees C for 10 min. The hydrolysis treatment using sulfuric and perchloric acids greatly affect the NC particle size and length. The extracted NCs show different thermal degradation profiles due to the difference in the crystallinity index and types of acid used. Hydrolysis with strong acids (sulfuric and perchloric acids) produce NC with lower crystallinity due to the degradation of both amorphous and crystalline regions in the cellulose. Furthermore, BET analysis revealed the NCs from the hydrolysis using sulfuric acid possesses the highest surface area, desorption/adsorption pore diameter, desorption, and adsorption cumulative pore volume compared to other acids.
format	Article
author	Mohammed, Mohammed Alhaji Basirun, Wan Jeffrey Abd Rahman, N. M. Mira Shalauddin, Md Salleh, Noordini M.
author_facet	Mohammed, Mohammed Alhaji Basirun, Wan Jeffrey Abd Rahman, N. M. Mira Shalauddin, Md Salleh, Noordini M.
author_sort	Mohammed, Mohammed Alhaji
title	The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells
title_short	The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells
title_full	The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells
title_fullStr	The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells
title_full_unstemmed	The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells
title_sort	effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells
publisher	Taylor & Francis Inc
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/40421/ https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2022.2116518
_version_	1805881118456545280
score	13.211869

The effect of acid hydrolysis parameters on the properties of nanocellulose extracted from almond shells

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