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Using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell-based activated carbon to remove 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: Kinetics and equilibrium studies

The cocoa shell (CS) flake was ground, sieved and pressed into pellets. The pellets were carbonized at 800 degrees C and subjected to activation at 850 degrees C under a flow of CO(2) for several activation burn off. The cocoa shell-based activated carbon (CSAC) showed moderate surface area (248 m(2...

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Main Authors: Ahmad, Fisal, Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan, Ahmad, Mohd Azmier, Radzi, Rosinah
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier 2011
Subjects:
Q Science (General)
QD Chemistry
TP Chemical technology
Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/14542/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.10.044
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spelling my.um.eprints.145422018-10-19T07:16:17Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/14542/ Using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell-based activated carbon to remove 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: Kinetics and equilibrium studies Ahmad, Fisal Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Ahmad, Mohd Azmier Radzi, Rosinah Q Science (General) QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology The cocoa shell (CS) flake was ground, sieved and pressed into pellets. The pellets were carbonized at 800 degrees C and subjected to activation at 850 degrees C under a flow of CO(2) for several activation burn off. The cocoa shell-based activated carbon (CSAC) showed moderate surface area (248 m(2) g(-1)), a low rnesoporosity ratio with a pore size in the range between 2 and 4 nm. CSAC also displays the presence of aliphatic, aromatic hydrocarbons, C=O and a near absence of C-O. CSAC was evaluated for its ability to adsorb 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The adsorption time and initial dye concentration study on adsorption performance was carried out in a batch system. The results indicate that the Freundlich, Temkin and Langmuir isotherms fit well (R(2) > 0.9). The results from the kinetic study show that 4-NP adsorption follows pseudo-second-order and Boyd models. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Elsevier 2011 Article PeerReviewed Ahmad, Fisal and Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan and Ahmad, Mohd Azmier and Radzi, Rosinah (2011) Using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell-based activated carbon to remove 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: Kinetics and equilibrium studies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 178. pp. 461-467. ISSN 1385-8947 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.10.044 doi:10.1016/j.cej.2011.10.044
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic Q Science (General)
QD Chemistry
TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle Q Science (General)
QD Chemistry
TP Chemical technology
Ahmad, Fisal
Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan
Ahmad, Mohd Azmier
Radzi, Rosinah
Using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell-based activated carbon to remove 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: Kinetics and equilibrium studies
description The cocoa shell (CS) flake was ground, sieved and pressed into pellets. The pellets were carbonized at 800 degrees C and subjected to activation at 850 degrees C under a flow of CO(2) for several activation burn off. The cocoa shell-based activated carbon (CSAC) showed moderate surface area (248 m(2) g(-1)), a low rnesoporosity ratio with a pore size in the range between 2 and 4 nm. CSAC also displays the presence of aliphatic, aromatic hydrocarbons, C=O and a near absence of C-O. CSAC was evaluated for its ability to adsorb 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The adsorption time and initial dye concentration study on adsorption performance was carried out in a batch system. The results indicate that the Freundlich, Temkin and Langmuir isotherms fit well (R(2) > 0.9). The results from the kinetic study show that 4-NP adsorption follows pseudo-second-order and Boyd models. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
format Article
author Ahmad, Fisal
Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan
Ahmad, Mohd Azmier
Radzi, Rosinah
author_facet Ahmad, Fisal
Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan
Ahmad, Mohd Azmier
Radzi, Rosinah
author_sort Ahmad, Fisal
title Using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell-based activated carbon to remove 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: Kinetics and equilibrium studies
title_short Using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell-based activated carbon to remove 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: Kinetics and equilibrium studies
title_full Using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell-based activated carbon to remove 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: Kinetics and equilibrium studies
title_fullStr Using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell-based activated carbon to remove 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: Kinetics and equilibrium studies
title_full_unstemmed Using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell-based activated carbon to remove 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: Kinetics and equilibrium studies
title_sort using cocoa (theobroma cacao) shell-based activated carbon to remove 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: kinetics and equilibrium studies
publisher Elsevier
publishDate 2011
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/14542/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.10.044
_version_ 1643689842078384128
score 13.211869

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