Association of smoking and severity of Covid-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study
Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between smoking and the severity of COVID-19 infection during the initial wave of this pandemic in Malaysia. Methods: This is a multi-center observational study using secondary hospital data collected retrospectively from February 1, 2020,...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
Elsevier B.V.
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/96826/2/Association%20of%20smoking%20and%20severity%20of%20Covid-19_SCOPUS.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/96826/13/96826_Association%20of%20smoking%20and%20severity%20of%20Covid-19.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/96826/ https://www.ijidonline.com/action/showPdf?pii=S1201-9712%2822%2900012-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.01.011 |
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| Summary: | Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between smoking and the severity of COVID-19
infection during the initial wave of this pandemic in Malaysia.
Methods: This is a multi-center observational study using secondary hospital data collected retrospectively from February 1, 2020, until May 30, 2020. Clinical records of all real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 cases with smoking status, co-morbidities, clinical features, and disease management were retrieved. Severity was assessed by the presence of complications and outcomes
of COVID-19 infection. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between COVID-19 disease severity and smoking status.
Results: A total of 5,889 COVID-19 cases were included in the analysis. Ever smokers had a higher risk
of having COVID-19 complications, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (odds ratio [OR] 1.69; 95%
confidence interval [CI] 1.09-2.55), renal injury (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.10-2.14), and acute liver injury (OR 1.33;
95% CI 1.01-1.74), compared with never smokers. However, in terms of disease outcomes, there were no
differences between the two groups.
Conclusion: Although no significant association was found in terms of disease outcomes, smoking is associated with a higher risk of having complications owing to COVID-19 infection. |
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