Utilization of waste cockle shell (Anadara Granosa) in biodiesel production from palm olein: Optimization using response surface methodology

The cockle shell, which is available in abundance, has no any eminent use and is commonly regarded as a waste, was utilized as a source of calcium oxide in catalyzing a transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel (methyl esters). A central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the two ma...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Boey, Peng-Lim, Maniam, Gaanty Pragas, Abd Hamid, Shafida, Ali, Dafaalla Mohamed Hag
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Ltd. 2011
Subjects:
Online Access:http://irep.iium.edu.my/5343/1/FUEL_complete_version.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/5343/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.03.002
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