Neural-differentiated mesenchymal stem cells incorporated into muscle stuffed vein scaffold forms a stable living nerve conduit
Autologous nerve grafts to bridge nerve gaps have donor site morbidity and possible neuroma formation resulting in development of various methods of bridging nerve gaps without using autologous nerve grafts. We have fabricated an acellular muscle stuffed vein seeded with differentiated mesenchymal...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Orthopaedic Research Society
2012
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/34420/1/journal_of_orthopaedic_research_2012.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/34420/ http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291554-527X/issues?year=2012 |
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| Summary: | Autologous nerve grafts to bridge nerve gaps have donor site morbidity and possible neuroma formation resulting in
development of various methods of bridging nerve gaps without using autologous nerve grafts. We have fabricated an acellular muscle
stuffed vein seeded with differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a substitute for nerve autografts. Human vein and muscle
were both decellularized by liquid nitrogen immersion with subsequent hydrolysis in hydrochloric acid. Human MSCs were subjected to
a series of treatments with a reducing agent, retinoic acid, and a combination of trophic factors. The differentiated MSCs were seeded
on the surface of acellular muscle tissue and then stuffed into the vein. Our study showed that 35–75% of the cells expressed neural
markers such as S100b, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), p75 NGF receptor, and Nestin after differentiation. Histological and ultra
structural analyses of muscle stuffed veins showed attachment of cells onto the surface of the acellular muscle and penetration of the
cells into the hydrolyzed fraction of muscle fibers. We implanted these muscle stuffed veins into athymic mice and at 8 weeks post-implantation, the acellular muscle tissue had fully degraded and replaced with new matrix produced by the seeded cells. The vein was
still intact and no inflammatory reactions were observed proving the biocompatibility and biodegradability of the conduit. In conclusion,
we have successfully formed a stable living nerve conduit which may serve as a substitute for autologous nerves |
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