Do bulls experience pain or stress during electroejaculation? Evidence from electroencephalography, behavioral, hormonal, and metabolite profiling

Background and Aim: Electroejaculation (EE) is widely used for semen collection in bulls but raises concerns about animal welfare due to potential pain and stress. The physiological impact of EE on bulls remains a topic of debate, with previous studies yielding inconclusive results. This study aims...

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Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Kaka, Ubedullah, Degu, Nurhusien Yimer, Kumar, Pavan, Abubakar, Abubakar Ahmed, Goh, Yong-Meng, Aslam, Muhammad Waseem, Bhutto, Khaleeq Ur Rehman, Basit, Muhammad Abdul, Qadi, Wasim S. M., Misnan, Norazlan Mohmad, Mediani, Ahmed, Hua, Khor Kuan
Format:	Article
Language:	en
Published:	Veterinary World 2025
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118703/1/118703.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/118703/ https://veterinaryworld.org/Vol.18/April-2025/2.php
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