Probiotics and competitive exclusion of pathogens in shrimp aquaculture
Probiotics, live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host, offer an alternative to antibiotics and have become popular among shrimp farmers for use in the regulation of pond water quality, promotion of shrimp growth and the prevention of dise...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/21702 |
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| Summary: | Probiotics, live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts,
confer a health benefit on the host, offer an alternative to antibiotics and have
become popular among shrimp farmers for use in the regulation of pond water
quality, promotion of shrimp growth and the prevention of disease. Most shrimp
probiotics are selected for testing based on their ability to competitively exclude
pathogens through bacterial antagonism assays, although the mechanisms of
pathogen exclusion are rarely investigated. In this review, we provide a comprehensive
overview of the mechanisms of competitive exclusion (interference and
exploitation competition) by species screened and subsequently identified as
shrimp probiotics based on their ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria
in vitro. We show that the current methods used to identify potential probiotics
preferentially select for interference-based competitive mechanisms and may
overlook the potential of many species to be considered a probiotic. Furthermore,
we show that the efficiency of a probiotic in vivo may be improved by considering
the suitability of competitive strategies to shrimp farming conditions. We highlight
important limitations and future directions for the screening and identification
of probiotics in shrimp aquaculture, to aid in the development of effective
and sustainable microbial management strategies. |
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