Sustainable engineered cementitious composites: Eco-economic optimization using ultrafine palm oil fuel ash at a low water-binder ratio

This study investigates the development of a sustainable Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) by utilizing ultra-fine (1.7 μm) palm oil fuel ash (UFT-POFA) in a low water-to-binder ratio (0.22) mix. To mitigate the economic and environmental impacts of high cement usage, a 400°C thermal treatment...

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Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	M. Altwair, Nurdeen, M. Al-Tayeb, Mustafa, M. Sreh, Muftah, Putra Jaya, Ramadhansyah
Format:	Article
Language:	en
Published:	International Federation for Structural Concrete (fib) 2026
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:	https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47710/1/Sustainable%20engineered%20cementitious%20composites.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.70616 https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/47710/
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