Optimizing toughness, ductility, and sustainability in strain-hardening cementitious composites: The synergistic effect of ultrafine palm oil fuel ash

This study investigates the effects of incorporating 1.60 µm ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (POFA), thermally treated at 400°C, into strain-hardening cementitious composites (SHCC). The physicochemical and morphological characteristics of the ultrafine POFA were analyzed through microstructural techniq...

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Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	M. Altwair, Nurdeen, M. Al-Tayeb, Mustafa, Putra Jaya, Ramadhansyah, M. Alsharif, Abdualhamid
Format:	Article
Language:	en
Published:	Elsevier Ltd 2026
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TH Building construction
Online Access:	https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/46779/1/Optimizing%20toughness%2C%20ductility%2C%20and%20sustainability%20in%20strain-hardening.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145124 https://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/46779/
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