Comparing the immunogenicity of mRNA and non-mRNA COVID-19 vaccines: a scoping review

For the past five years, the Coronavirus disease (2019 COVID-19) has spread alarmingly, challenging the economy and public health. The COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, such as Pfizer-BioNTech’s BNT162 and Moderna’s mRNA-1273, were developed in a short space of time and were the first mRNA vaccines approved b...

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Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Wei Tan, Kang, Mahendran, Ashwini, Khoo Si Mei, Samantha, Radhakrishnan, Ammu Kutty, Bhuvanendran, Saatheeyavaane
Format:	Article
Language:	en
Published:	Faculty of Medicine 2026
Subjects:	Communicable diseases and public health Vaccinotherapy. Vaccines
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/132086/1/132086.pdf https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/132086/
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