Understanding Concrete Damages: Causes, Contributing Factors, and Integrity Assessment
Concrete, one of the most widely used construction materials, is susceptible to various defects that compromise its durability and structural integrity. Deterioration results from a combination of chemical, physical, and environmental factors, including acid attack, chloride penetration, sulfate...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en en |
| Published: |
INTI International University
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2125/2/666 http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2125/3/joit2025_03b.pdf http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2125/ http://ipublishing.intimal.edu.my/joint.html |
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| Summary: | Concrete, one of the most widely used construction materials, is susceptible to various defects
that compromise its durability and structural integrity. Deterioration results from a combination
of chemical, physical, and environmental factors, including acid attack, chloride penetration,
sulfate reactions, abrasion, erosion, fire exposure, and shrinkage cracks. Corrosive agents such
as CO₂-rich water, salts, and alkalis accelerate degradation, while physical damage further
exacerbates structural deterioration. Additionally, chloride ions reduce the pitting potential,
making reinforcement more vulnerable to corrosion. External conditions, such as temperature
fluctuations, moisture variations, and pollution, can further contribute to material degradation.
This study examines the root causes of concrete defects, emphasizing the influence of material
composition, environmental exposure, and construction practices. A deeper understanding of
these factors is essential for developing effective mitigation strategies, enhancing quality
control measures, and ensuring long-term structural reliability through routine inspections,
maintenance, and preventive techniques. |
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