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Manipulation of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide and its role in photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants

The role of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide (TiO2) for photodegradation of environmental pollutants from real wastewater samples still remains under explored. The aim of this research was to modify the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored TiO2 and investigate its role in photocatalytic degrada...

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Main Authors: Nawaz, R., Kait, C.F., Chia, H.Y., Isa, M.H., Huei, L.W., Sahrin, N.T., Khan, N.
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier B.V. 2022
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85133456968&doi=10.1016%2fj.surfin.2022.102146&partnerID=40&md5=2d0d85c4041e4882a896435c9e50b799
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/33339/
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spelling my.utp.eprints.333392022-07-26T08:19:12Z Manipulation of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide and its role in photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants Nawaz, R. Kait, C.F. Chia, H.Y. Isa, M.H. Huei, L.W. Sahrin, N.T. Khan, N. The role of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide (TiO2) for photodegradation of environmental pollutants from real wastewater samples still remains under explored. The aim of this research was to modify the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored TiO2 and investigate its role in photocatalytic degradation of phenolic compounds in real agro-industrial effluent. The Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio on the surface of colored TiO2 was easily controlled by only changing glycerol content in the synthesis media and calcination temperature. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance UV-Visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to investigate changes in structural, optical, and electronic properties of colored TiO2 with varying Ti3+/Ti4+ ratios. Increase in the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio substantially enhance the visible light absorption and narrow the bandgap of colored TiO2. Thus, an increase in Ti3+/Ti4+ratio up to 0.134 improves electrons and holes separation and reduce their recombination. Increasing the Ti3+/Ti4+ratio above 0.134 accelerates electron-hole pair recombination. At the rise in the Ti3+/Ti4+ratio up to 0.134, the degradation efficiency of phenolic compounds from actual wastewater was found to be �48, which is 2.5-fold higher than that of commercial TiO2. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency reached 83 for individual model phenol in an aqueous solution. Exceeding the Ti3+/Ti4+ratio over 0.134 diminishes the photocatalytic performance down to 21 phenolic compounds degradation at the highest Ti3+/Ti4+ratio of 1.154. © 2022 Elsevier B.V. Elsevier B.V. 2022 Article NonPeerReviewed https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85133456968&doi=10.1016%2fj.surfin.2022.102146&partnerID=40&md5=2d0d85c4041e4882a896435c9e50b799 Nawaz, R. and Kait, C.F. and Chia, H.Y. and Isa, M.H. and Huei, L.W. and Sahrin, N.T. and Khan, N. (2022) Manipulation of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide and its role in photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants. Surfaces and Interfaces, 32 . http://eprints.utp.edu.my/33339/
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
building UTP Resource Centre
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Petronas
content_source UTP Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utp.edu.my/
description The role of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide (TiO2) for photodegradation of environmental pollutants from real wastewater samples still remains under explored. The aim of this research was to modify the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored TiO2 and investigate its role in photocatalytic degradation of phenolic compounds in real agro-industrial effluent. The Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio on the surface of colored TiO2 was easily controlled by only changing glycerol content in the synthesis media and calcination temperature. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance UV-Visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to investigate changes in structural, optical, and electronic properties of colored TiO2 with varying Ti3+/Ti4+ ratios. Increase in the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio substantially enhance the visible light absorption and narrow the bandgap of colored TiO2. Thus, an increase in Ti3+/Ti4+ratio up to 0.134 improves electrons and holes separation and reduce their recombination. Increasing the Ti3+/Ti4+ratio above 0.134 accelerates electron-hole pair recombination. At the rise in the Ti3+/Ti4+ratio up to 0.134, the degradation efficiency of phenolic compounds from actual wastewater was found to be �48, which is 2.5-fold higher than that of commercial TiO2. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency reached 83 for individual model phenol in an aqueous solution. Exceeding the Ti3+/Ti4+ratio over 0.134 diminishes the photocatalytic performance down to 21 phenolic compounds degradation at the highest Ti3+/Ti4+ratio of 1.154. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
format Article
author Nawaz, R.
Kait, C.F.
Chia, H.Y.
Isa, M.H.
Huei, L.W.
Sahrin, N.T.
Khan, N.
spellingShingle Nawaz, R.
Kait, C.F.
Chia, H.Y.
Isa, M.H.
Huei, L.W.
Sahrin, N.T.
Khan, N.
Manipulation of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide and its role in photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants
author_facet Nawaz, R.
Kait, C.F.
Chia, H.Y.
Isa, M.H.
Huei, L.W.
Sahrin, N.T.
Khan, N.
author_sort Nawaz, R.
title Manipulation of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide and its role in photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants
title_short Manipulation of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide and its role in photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants
title_full Manipulation of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide and its role in photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants
title_fullStr Manipulation of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide and its role in photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants
title_full_unstemmed Manipulation of the Ti3+/Ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide and its role in photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants
title_sort manipulation of the ti3+/ti4+ ratio in colored titanium dioxide and its role in photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants
publisher Elsevier B.V.
publishDate 2022
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85133456968&doi=10.1016%2fj.surfin.2022.102146&partnerID=40&md5=2d0d85c4041e4882a896435c9e50b799
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/33339/
_version_ 1739833208422268928
score 13.211869

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