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A convenient route for the alkoxylation of biodiesel and its influence on cold flow properties

The attachment of alkoxy side chains to biodiesel and the associated effects on its cold flow properties are reported. High oleic methyl ester biodiesel was epoxidized using peroxy formic acid and subsequently alkoxylated using nine different alcohols employing BF3-ethereate complex as catalyst. A l...

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Main Authors: Mushtaq, M., Tan, I.M., Nadeem, M., Devi, C., Lee, S.Y.C., Sagir, M.
Format: Article
Published: 2014
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84885133742&doi=10.1080%2f15435075.2013.772519&partnerID=40&md5=495a7a3507451a2c54224beaa635b7c1
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/31323/
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spelling my.utp.eprints.313232022-03-25T09:06:09Z A convenient route for the alkoxylation of biodiesel and its influence on cold flow properties Mushtaq, M. Tan, I.M. Nadeem, M. Devi, C. Lee, S.Y.C. Sagir, M. The attachment of alkoxy side chains to biodiesel and the associated effects on its cold flow properties are reported. High oleic methyl ester biodiesel was epoxidized using peroxy formic acid and subsequently alkoxylated using nine different alcohols employing BF3-ethereate complex as catalyst. A low molar excess for alcohols was used at moderately low reaction temperatures (40-50°C). A high conversion for attachment of alkoxy group ranging 84-93 was achieved with excellent selectivity. Cloud points, pour points, and kinematic viscosities were measured to evaluate the cold flow properties of modified biodiesel. The lowest cloud point -11°C and pour point -14°C were obtained with n-decoxy biodiesel. Elevated kinematic viscosities were observed for all alkoxylated products. The lowest kinematic viscosity (6.26 mm2·s-1) was observed for methoxy biodiesel. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), 13C NMR, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used for structural elucidation. The reported alkoxylation route has high conversion rate and is convenient to implement. © 2014 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC. 2014 Article NonPeerReviewed https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84885133742&doi=10.1080%2f15435075.2013.772519&partnerID=40&md5=495a7a3507451a2c54224beaa635b7c1 Mushtaq, M. and Tan, I.M. and Nadeem, M. and Devi, C. and Lee, S.Y.C. and Sagir, M. (2014) A convenient route for the alkoxylation of biodiesel and its influence on cold flow properties. International Journal of Green Energy, 11 (3). pp. 267-279. http://eprints.utp.edu.my/31323/
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
building UTP Resource Centre
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Petronas
content_source UTP Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utp.edu.my/
description The attachment of alkoxy side chains to biodiesel and the associated effects on its cold flow properties are reported. High oleic methyl ester biodiesel was epoxidized using peroxy formic acid and subsequently alkoxylated using nine different alcohols employing BF3-ethereate complex as catalyst. A low molar excess for alcohols was used at moderately low reaction temperatures (40-50°C). A high conversion for attachment of alkoxy group ranging 84-93 was achieved with excellent selectivity. Cloud points, pour points, and kinematic viscosities were measured to evaluate the cold flow properties of modified biodiesel. The lowest cloud point -11°C and pour point -14°C were obtained with n-decoxy biodiesel. Elevated kinematic viscosities were observed for all alkoxylated products. The lowest kinematic viscosity (6.26 mm2·s-1) was observed for methoxy biodiesel. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), 13C NMR, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used for structural elucidation. The reported alkoxylation route has high conversion rate and is convenient to implement. © 2014 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
format Article
author Mushtaq, M.
Tan, I.M.
Nadeem, M.
Devi, C.
Lee, S.Y.C.
Sagir, M.
spellingShingle Mushtaq, M.
Tan, I.M.
Nadeem, M.
Devi, C.
Lee, S.Y.C.
Sagir, M.
A convenient route for the alkoxylation of biodiesel and its influence on cold flow properties
author_facet Mushtaq, M.
Tan, I.M.
Nadeem, M.
Devi, C.
Lee, S.Y.C.
Sagir, M.
author_sort Mushtaq, M.
title A convenient route for the alkoxylation of biodiesel and its influence on cold flow properties
title_short A convenient route for the alkoxylation of biodiesel and its influence on cold flow properties
title_full A convenient route for the alkoxylation of biodiesel and its influence on cold flow properties
title_fullStr A convenient route for the alkoxylation of biodiesel and its influence on cold flow properties
title_full_unstemmed A convenient route for the alkoxylation of biodiesel and its influence on cold flow properties
title_sort convenient route for the alkoxylation of biodiesel and its influence on cold flow properties
publishDate 2014
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84885133742&doi=10.1080%2f15435075.2013.772519&partnerID=40&md5=495a7a3507451a2c54224beaa635b7c1
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/31323/
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score 13.211869

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