Preliminary in vitro evaluation of chitosan�graphene oxide scaffolds on osteoblastic adhesion, proliferation, and early differentiation
An ideal scaffold should be biocompatible, having appropriate microstructure, excellent mechanical strength yet degrades. Chitosan exhibits most of these exceptional properties, but it is always associated with sub-optimal cytocompatibility. This study aimed to incorporate graphene oxide at wt of 0...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020
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| Online Access: | https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088304192&doi=10.3390%2fijms21155202&partnerID=40&md5=05773e178cca9c811be4904222404b91 http://eprints.utp.edu.my/30106/ |
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| Summary: | An ideal scaffold should be biocompatible, having appropriate microstructure, excellent mechanical strength yet degrades. Chitosan exhibits most of these exceptional properties, but it is always associated with sub-optimal cytocompatibility. This study aimed to incorporate graphene oxide at wt of 0, 2, 4, and 6 into chitosan matrix via direct blending of chitosan solution and graphene oxide, freezing, and freeze drying. Cell fixation, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, alkaline phosphatase colorimetric assays were conducted to assess cell adhesion, proliferation, and early differentiation of MG63 on chitosan�graphene oxide scaffolds respectively. The presence of alkaline phosphatase, an early osteoblast differentiation marker, was further detected in chitosan�graphene oxide scaffolds using western blot. These results strongly supported that chitosan scaffolds loaded with graphene oxide at 2 wt mediated cell adhesion, proliferation, and early differentiation due to the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups of graphene oxide. Therefore, chitosan scaffolds loaded with graphene oxide at 2 wt showed the potential to be developed into functional bone scaffolds. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. |
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