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Process and energy intensification of glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of eggshell-derived cao heterogeneous catalyst

The process and energy intensifications for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate (GC) from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) using an eggshell-derived CaO heterogeneous catalyst were investigated. The transesterification reaction between glycerol and DMC was typically limited by mass transfer bec...

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Main Authors: Praikaew, W., Kiatkittipong, W., Aiouache, F., Najdanovic-Visak, V., Ngaosuwan, K., Wongsawaeng, D., Lim, J.W., Lam, S.S., Kiatkittipong, K., Laosiripojana, N., Boonyasuwat, S., Assabumrungrat, S.
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Published: MDPI AG 2021
Online Access:https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85111139225&doi=10.3390%2fen14144249&partnerID=40&md5=8c43b8cc60554be710847f5dfaf7cbea
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/23962/
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spelling my.utp.eprints.239622021-08-19T13:23:08Z Process and energy intensification of glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of eggshell-derived cao heterogeneous catalyst Praikaew, W. Kiatkittipong, W. Aiouache, F. Najdanovic-Visak, V. Ngaosuwan, K. Wongsawaeng, D. Lim, J.W. Lam, S.S. Kiatkittipong, K. Laosiripojana, N. Boonyasuwat, S. Assabumrungrat, S. The process and energy intensifications for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate (GC) from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) using an eggshell-derived CaO heterogeneous catalyst were investigated. The transesterification reaction between glycerol and DMC was typically limited by mass transfer because of the immiscible nature of the reactants. By varying the stirring speed, it was observed that the mass transfer limitation could be neglected at 800 rpm. The presence of the CaO solid catalyst made the mass transport-limited reaction process more prominent. Mass transfer intensification using a simple kitchen countertop blender as an alternative to overcome the external mass transfer limitation of a typical magnetic stirrer was demonstrated. A lower amount of the catalyst and a shorter reaction time were required to achieve 93 glycerol conversion or 91 GC yield, and the turnover frequency (TOF) increased almost 5 times from 1.5 to 7.2 min�1 when using a conventional magnetic stirrer and countertop blender, respectively. In addition, using a simple kitchen countertop blender with 7200 rpm, the reaction temperature of 60�C could be reached within approximately 3 min without the need of a heating unit. This was the result of the self-frictional heat generated by the high-shear blender. This was considered to be heat transfer intensification, as heat was generated locally (in situ), offering a higher homogeneity distribution. Meanwhile, the trend toward energy intensification was promising as the yield efficiency increased from 0.064 to 2.391 g/kJ. A comparison among other process intensification techniques, e.g., microwave reactor, ultrasonic reactor, and reactive distillation was also rationalized. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. MDPI AG 2021 Article NonPeerReviewed https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85111139225&doi=10.3390%2fen14144249&partnerID=40&md5=8c43b8cc60554be710847f5dfaf7cbea Praikaew, W. and Kiatkittipong, W. and Aiouache, F. and Najdanovic-Visak, V. and Ngaosuwan, K. and Wongsawaeng, D. and Lim, J.W. and Lam, S.S. and Kiatkittipong, K. and Laosiripojana, N. and Boonyasuwat, S. and Assabumrungrat, S. (2021) Process and energy intensification of glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of eggshell-derived cao heterogeneous catalyst. Energies, 14 (14). http://eprints.utp.edu.my/23962/
institution Universiti Teknologi Petronas
building UTP Resource Centre
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Petronas
content_source UTP Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utp.edu.my/
description The process and energy intensifications for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate (GC) from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) using an eggshell-derived CaO heterogeneous catalyst were investigated. The transesterification reaction between glycerol and DMC was typically limited by mass transfer because of the immiscible nature of the reactants. By varying the stirring speed, it was observed that the mass transfer limitation could be neglected at 800 rpm. The presence of the CaO solid catalyst made the mass transport-limited reaction process more prominent. Mass transfer intensification using a simple kitchen countertop blender as an alternative to overcome the external mass transfer limitation of a typical magnetic stirrer was demonstrated. A lower amount of the catalyst and a shorter reaction time were required to achieve 93 glycerol conversion or 91 GC yield, and the turnover frequency (TOF) increased almost 5 times from 1.5 to 7.2 min�1 when using a conventional magnetic stirrer and countertop blender, respectively. In addition, using a simple kitchen countertop blender with 7200 rpm, the reaction temperature of 60�C could be reached within approximately 3 min without the need of a heating unit. This was the result of the self-frictional heat generated by the high-shear blender. This was considered to be heat transfer intensification, as heat was generated locally (in situ), offering a higher homogeneity distribution. Meanwhile, the trend toward energy intensification was promising as the yield efficiency increased from 0.064 to 2.391 g/kJ. A comparison among other process intensification techniques, e.g., microwave reactor, ultrasonic reactor, and reactive distillation was also rationalized. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
format Article
author Praikaew, W.
Kiatkittipong, W.
Aiouache, F.
Najdanovic-Visak, V.
Ngaosuwan, K.
Wongsawaeng, D.
Lim, J.W.
Lam, S.S.
Kiatkittipong, K.
Laosiripojana, N.
Boonyasuwat, S.
Assabumrungrat, S.
spellingShingle Praikaew, W.
Kiatkittipong, W.
Aiouache, F.
Najdanovic-Visak, V.
Ngaosuwan, K.
Wongsawaeng, D.
Lim, J.W.
Lam, S.S.
Kiatkittipong, K.
Laosiripojana, N.
Boonyasuwat, S.
Assabumrungrat, S.
Process and energy intensification of glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of eggshell-derived cao heterogeneous catalyst
author_facet Praikaew, W.
Kiatkittipong, W.
Aiouache, F.
Najdanovic-Visak, V.
Ngaosuwan, K.
Wongsawaeng, D.
Lim, J.W.
Lam, S.S.
Kiatkittipong, K.
Laosiripojana, N.
Boonyasuwat, S.
Assabumrungrat, S.
author_sort Praikaew, W.
title Process and energy intensification of glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of eggshell-derived cao heterogeneous catalyst
title_short Process and energy intensification of glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of eggshell-derived cao heterogeneous catalyst
title_full Process and energy intensification of glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of eggshell-derived cao heterogeneous catalyst
title_fullStr Process and energy intensification of glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of eggshell-derived cao heterogeneous catalyst
title_full_unstemmed Process and energy intensification of glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of eggshell-derived cao heterogeneous catalyst
title_sort process and energy intensification of glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate in the presence of eggshell-derived cao heterogeneous catalyst
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85111139225&doi=10.3390%2fen14144249&partnerID=40&md5=8c43b8cc60554be710847f5dfaf7cbea
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/23962/
_version_ 1738656546440609792
score 13.211869

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