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Synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides

Imidazolinones are a family of herbicides that are used to control a broad range of weeds. Their high persistence and leaching potential make them probable risk to the ecosystems. In this study, biochar, the biomass-derived solid material, was produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and ric...

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Main Authors:	Yavari, S., Malakahmad, A., Sapari, N.B.
Format:	Article
Published:	Academic Press 2017
Online Access:	https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85013168374&doi=10.1016%2fj.jenvman.2017.02.035&partnerID=40&md5=7f40c6b78c260ae3f6ff32659c0212ca http://eprints.utp.edu.my/19499/
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spelling	my.utp.eprints.194992018-04-20T06:03:44Z Synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides Yavari, S. Malakahmad, A. Sapari, N.B. Yavari, S. Imidazolinones are a family of herbicides that are used to control a broad range of weeds. Their high persistence and leaching potential make them probable risk to the ecosystems. In this study, biochar, the biomass-derived solid material, was produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and rice husk (RH) through pyrolysis process. Feedstock and pyrolysis variables can control biochar sorption capacity. Therefore, the present study attempts to evaluate effects of three pyrolysis variables (temperature, heating rate and retention time) on abilities of biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides from soil. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimizing the variables to achieve maximum sorption performance of the biochars. Experimental data were interpreted accurately by quadratic models. Based on the results, sorption capacities of both biochars raised when temperature decreased to 300 °C, mainly because of increased biochars effective functionality in sorption of polar molecules. Heating rate of 3°C/min provided optimum conditions to maximize the sorption capacities of both biochars. Retention time of about 1 h and 3 h were found to be the best for EFB and RH biochars, respectively. EFB biochar was more efficient in removal of the herbicides, especially imazapyr due to its chemical composition and higher polarity index (0.42) rather than RH biochar (0.39). Besides, higher cation exchange capacity (CEC) values of EFB biochar (83.90 cmolc/kg) in comparison with RH biochar (70.73 cmolc/kg) represented its higher surface polarity effective in sorption of the polar herbicides. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Academic Press 2017 Article PeerReviewed https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85013168374&doi=10.1016%2fj.jenvman.2017.02.035&partnerID=40&md5=7f40c6b78c260ae3f6ff32659c0212ca Yavari, S. and Malakahmad, A. and Sapari, N.B. and Yavari, S. (2017) Synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides. Journal of Environmental Management, 193 . pp. 201-210. http://eprints.utp.edu.my/19499/
institution	Universiti Teknologi Petronas
building	UTP Resource Centre
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Teknologi Petronas
content_source	UTP Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.utp.edu.my/
description	Imidazolinones are a family of herbicides that are used to control a broad range of weeds. Their high persistence and leaching potential make them probable risk to the ecosystems. In this study, biochar, the biomass-derived solid material, was produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and rice husk (RH) through pyrolysis process. Feedstock and pyrolysis variables can control biochar sorption capacity. Therefore, the present study attempts to evaluate effects of three pyrolysis variables (temperature, heating rate and retention time) on abilities of biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides from soil. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimizing the variables to achieve maximum sorption performance of the biochars. Experimental data were interpreted accurately by quadratic models. Based on the results, sorption capacities of both biochars raised when temperature decreased to 300 °C, mainly because of increased biochars effective functionality in sorption of polar molecules. Heating rate of 3°C/min provided optimum conditions to maximize the sorption capacities of both biochars. Retention time of about 1 h and 3 h were found to be the best for EFB and RH biochars, respectively. EFB biochar was more efficient in removal of the herbicides, especially imazapyr due to its chemical composition and higher polarity index (0.42) rather than RH biochar (0.39). Besides, higher cation exchange capacity (CEC) values of EFB biochar (83.90 cmolc/kg) in comparison with RH biochar (70.73 cmolc/kg) represented its higher surface polarity effective in sorption of the polar herbicides. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
format	Article
author	Yavari, S. Malakahmad, A. Sapari, N.B. Yavari, S.
spellingShingle	Yavari, S. Malakahmad, A. Sapari, N.B. Yavari, S. Synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides
author_facet	Yavari, S. Malakahmad, A. Sapari, N.B. Yavari, S.
author_sort	Yavari, S.
title	Synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides
title_short	Synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides
title_full	Synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides
title_fullStr	Synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides
title_sort	synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides
publisher	Academic Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85013168374&doi=10.1016%2fj.jenvman.2017.02.035&partnerID=40&md5=7f40c6b78c260ae3f6ff32659c0212ca http://eprints.utp.edu.my/19499/
_version_	1738656078812413952
score	13.211869

Synthesis optimization of oil palm empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars for removal of imazapic and imazapyr herbicides

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