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Production of cellulose nano-crystals from bacterial fermentation

The increasing studies of cellulose nano-crystals (CNCs) have proven its growing interest and demand to our society nowadays. However, the major production of CNCs from plant cellulose (PC) is considered less practical due to consuming more energy, time and cost in the purification process. Therefor...

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Main Authors: Pa'e, Norhayati, Liew, Wen Ching, Muhamad, Ida Idayu
Format: Conference or Workshop Item
Published: 2019
Subjects:
TP Chemical technology
Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/97138/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.12.071
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spelling my.utm.971382022-09-23T01:37:42Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/97138/ Production of cellulose nano-crystals from bacterial fermentation Pa'e, Norhayati Liew, Wen Ching Muhamad, Ida Idayu TP Chemical technology The increasing studies of cellulose nano-crystals (CNCs) have proven its growing interest and demand to our society nowadays. However, the major production of CNCs from plant cellulose (PC) is considered less practical due to consuming more energy, time and cost in the purification process. Therefore, an optimum yield of CNCs from bacterial cellulose (BC) is a good alternative to fulfil the need. This study intended to investigate the optimum production of bacterial cellulose nano-crystals (BCNC) through phosphoric acid hydrolysis using One Factor at Time (OFAT) approach and compare its characteristics with plant cellulose. Acetobacter xylinum was incubated in Hestrin Schramm medium at 30°C and pH 6 in static culture. Chemical pre-treatment using sodium hydroxide was done later to prepare CNCs. The optimal conditions for phosphoric acid hydrolysis were BC: acid ratio of 100:1 at 35°C for 60mins. The characteristics and properties of BCNC were investigated and compared with PCNC produced from the same conditions. The result showed that the water holding capacity of BCNC was 5.31g water/g sample which was doubled of PCNC. Fourier-Transform Infra-Red analysis examined the absorption peaks of BCNC were at 1640cm-1 and 3400cm-1 which were similar to PCNC. Yet the crystallinity ratio of BCNC was comparable with PCNC at 0.78. Thermogravimetric analysis showed the degradation temperature of BCNC was 320.43°C, much higher than PCNC that degraded at 163.63°C. Observation from derivative thermo-gravimetric curves showed the ash content of BCNC was approximately 1.6% lower than PCNC, showing that BCNC exhibited much more purity than PCNC. It can be concluded that the behavior of BCNC was similar or even better than PCNC thus it was more advantageous to produce CNCs from bacterial fermentation rather than exploiting the plant source. 2019 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed Pa'e, Norhayati and Liew, Wen Ching and Muhamad, Ida Idayu (2019) Production of cellulose nano-crystals from bacterial fermentation. In: 2018 Nanotech Malaysia, 7 - 9 May 2018, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.12.071
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building UTM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utm.my/
topic TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Pa'e, Norhayati
Liew, Wen Ching
Muhamad, Ida Idayu
Production of cellulose nano-crystals from bacterial fermentation
description The increasing studies of cellulose nano-crystals (CNCs) have proven its growing interest and demand to our society nowadays. However, the major production of CNCs from plant cellulose (PC) is considered less practical due to consuming more energy, time and cost in the purification process. Therefore, an optimum yield of CNCs from bacterial cellulose (BC) is a good alternative to fulfil the need. This study intended to investigate the optimum production of bacterial cellulose nano-crystals (BCNC) through phosphoric acid hydrolysis using One Factor at Time (OFAT) approach and compare its characteristics with plant cellulose. Acetobacter xylinum was incubated in Hestrin Schramm medium at 30°C and pH 6 in static culture. Chemical pre-treatment using sodium hydroxide was done later to prepare CNCs. The optimal conditions for phosphoric acid hydrolysis were BC: acid ratio of 100:1 at 35°C for 60mins. The characteristics and properties of BCNC were investigated and compared with PCNC produced from the same conditions. The result showed that the water holding capacity of BCNC was 5.31g water/g sample which was doubled of PCNC. Fourier-Transform Infra-Red analysis examined the absorption peaks of BCNC were at 1640cm-1 and 3400cm-1 which were similar to PCNC. Yet the crystallinity ratio of BCNC was comparable with PCNC at 0.78. Thermogravimetric analysis showed the degradation temperature of BCNC was 320.43°C, much higher than PCNC that degraded at 163.63°C. Observation from derivative thermo-gravimetric curves showed the ash content of BCNC was approximately 1.6% lower than PCNC, showing that BCNC exhibited much more purity than PCNC. It can be concluded that the behavior of BCNC was similar or even better than PCNC thus it was more advantageous to produce CNCs from bacterial fermentation rather than exploiting the plant source.
format Conference or Workshop Item
author Pa'e, Norhayati
Liew, Wen Ching
Muhamad, Ida Idayu
author_facet Pa'e, Norhayati
Liew, Wen Ching
Muhamad, Ida Idayu
author_sort Pa'e, Norhayati
title Production of cellulose nano-crystals from bacterial fermentation
title_short Production of cellulose nano-crystals from bacterial fermentation
title_full Production of cellulose nano-crystals from bacterial fermentation
title_fullStr Production of cellulose nano-crystals from bacterial fermentation
title_full_unstemmed Production of cellulose nano-crystals from bacterial fermentation
title_sort production of cellulose nano-crystals from bacterial fermentation
publishDate 2019
url http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/97138/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.12.071
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score 13.211869

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