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Multi-objective Optimization for Cascade Utilization of Palm Waste in Malaysia using Augmented ∈-constraint Method

Palm waste has gained traction in the energy industry due to its wide availability. Despite its vast potential as feedstock for downstream industries, palm wastes are still inadequately utilized in Malaysia. Conventional disposal practices of palm waste are economically inefficient and environmental...

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Main Authors: Wong, Khai Jian, Ooi, Jun Keat, Woon, Kok Sin, Hashim, Haslenda, Liew, Peng Yen
Format: Article
Published: Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC 2021
Subjects:
TP Chemical technology
Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/96228/
http://dx.doi.org/10.3303/CET2189042
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spelling my.utm.962282022-07-17T03:49:14Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/96228/ Multi-objective Optimization for Cascade Utilization of Palm Waste in Malaysia using Augmented ∈-constraint Method Wong, Khai Jian Ooi, Jun Keat Woon, Kok Sin Hashim, Haslenda Liew, Peng Yen TP Chemical technology Palm waste has gained traction in the energy industry due to its wide availability. Despite its vast potential as feedstock for downstream industries, palm wastes are still inadequately utilized in Malaysia. Conventional disposal practices of palm waste are economically inefficient and environmentally unfavorable. This study adopted the multi-objective linear programming approach to design the optimal palm waste utilization pathway in Malaysia using the General Algebraic Modeling System, which maximizes profit and minimizes greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The 5th Pareto solution (composting: 79.31 %; anaerobic digestion (AD): 10.05 %; pelletizing: 0.35 %; briquetting: 0.37 %; biomass combined heat and power: 9.47 %; dried long fiber production: 0.42 %; carbonization: 0.02 %) that has a net profit of 5.02 x 109 MYR/y and net GHG emissions of -1.6 x 107 t CO2-eq/y is the most viable as it satisfies both objectives to a degree of satisfaction of 0.77. The 1st and 2nd Pareto solution allocates 8.74 x 109 t of solid palm wastes to electricity and heat generation and can achieve the renewable energy target under the biomass category set by the Malaysian government. 3.72 x 107 - 5.16 x 107 t of palm oil mill effluent allocated to AD in the 9th, 10th, and 11th Pareto solutions can achieve the RE target under the biogas category. This study provides insights on the best allocation of palm waste for the stakeholders to devise a proper strategy for effective palm waste utilization that is economically and environmentally viable. Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC 2021 Article PeerReviewed Wong, Khai Jian and Ooi, Jun Keat and Woon, Kok Sin and Hashim, Haslenda and Liew, Peng Yen (2021) Multi-objective Optimization for Cascade Utilization of Palm Waste in Malaysia using Augmented ∈-constraint Method. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 89 . pp. 247-252. ISSN 2283-9216 http://dx.doi.org/10.3303/CET2189042
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building UTM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utm.my/
topic TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Wong, Khai Jian
Ooi, Jun Keat
Woon, Kok Sin
Hashim, Haslenda
Liew, Peng Yen
Multi-objective Optimization for Cascade Utilization of Palm Waste in Malaysia using Augmented ∈-constraint Method
description Palm waste has gained traction in the energy industry due to its wide availability. Despite its vast potential as feedstock for downstream industries, palm wastes are still inadequately utilized in Malaysia. Conventional disposal practices of palm waste are economically inefficient and environmentally unfavorable. This study adopted the multi-objective linear programming approach to design the optimal palm waste utilization pathway in Malaysia using the General Algebraic Modeling System, which maximizes profit and minimizes greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The 5th Pareto solution (composting: 79.31 %; anaerobic digestion (AD): 10.05 %; pelletizing: 0.35 %; briquetting: 0.37 %; biomass combined heat and power: 9.47 %; dried long fiber production: 0.42 %; carbonization: 0.02 %) that has a net profit of 5.02 x 109 MYR/y and net GHG emissions of -1.6 x 107 t CO2-eq/y is the most viable as it satisfies both objectives to a degree of satisfaction of 0.77. The 1st and 2nd Pareto solution allocates 8.74 x 109 t of solid palm wastes to electricity and heat generation and can achieve the renewable energy target under the biomass category set by the Malaysian government. 3.72 x 107 - 5.16 x 107 t of palm oil mill effluent allocated to AD in the 9th, 10th, and 11th Pareto solutions can achieve the RE target under the biogas category. This study provides insights on the best allocation of palm waste for the stakeholders to devise a proper strategy for effective palm waste utilization that is economically and environmentally viable.
format Article
author Wong, Khai Jian
Ooi, Jun Keat
Woon, Kok Sin
Hashim, Haslenda
Liew, Peng Yen
author_facet Wong, Khai Jian
Ooi, Jun Keat
Woon, Kok Sin
Hashim, Haslenda
Liew, Peng Yen
author_sort Wong, Khai Jian
title Multi-objective Optimization for Cascade Utilization of Palm Waste in Malaysia using Augmented ∈-constraint Method
title_short Multi-objective Optimization for Cascade Utilization of Palm Waste in Malaysia using Augmented ∈-constraint Method
title_full Multi-objective Optimization for Cascade Utilization of Palm Waste in Malaysia using Augmented ∈-constraint Method
title_fullStr Multi-objective Optimization for Cascade Utilization of Palm Waste in Malaysia using Augmented ∈-constraint Method
title_full_unstemmed Multi-objective Optimization for Cascade Utilization of Palm Waste in Malaysia using Augmented ∈-constraint Method
title_sort multi-objective optimization for cascade utilization of palm waste in malaysia using augmented ∈-constraint method
publisher Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC
publishDate 2021
url http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/96228/
http://dx.doi.org/10.3303/CET2189042
_version_ 1739828059475804160
score 13.211869

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