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Torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder

This study presents physical and combustion properties of briquettes made of palm kernel shell (PKS) with mixture of starch and water as binder. The briquettes with weight ratio of 60:40 (PKS: starch binder) were torrefied at various temperatures (225-275°C) and nitrogen flow rates (1000-3000 mL/min...

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Main Authors:	Mohd. Fuad, Muhammad Ariff Hanaffi, Razali, Mohamad Muslihuddin, Mohamad Izal, Zaitul Nadiah, Mohd. Faizal, Hasan, Ahmad, Norhayati, Abdul Rahman, Mohd. Rosdzimin, Rahman, Md. Mizanur
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Penerbit Akademia Baru 2020
Subjects:	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92606/1/MuhammadAriffHanaffi2020_TorrefactionofBriquettesMadeofPalm.pdf http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92606/ http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/ARFMTS.70.2.2136
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id	my.utm.92606
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spelling	my.utm.926062021-10-28T10:18:25Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92606/ Torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder Mohd. Fuad, Muhammad Ariff Hanaffi Razali, Mohamad Muslihuddin Mohamad Izal, Zaitul Nadiah Mohd. Faizal, Hasan Ahmad, Norhayati Abdul Rahman, Mohd. Rosdzimin Rahman, Md. Mizanur TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery This study presents physical and combustion properties of briquettes made of palm kernel shell (PKS) with mixture of starch and water as binder. The briquettes with weight ratio of 60:40 (PKS: starch binder) were torrefied at various temperatures (225-275°C) and nitrogen flow rates (1000-3000 mL/min). The physical properties such as appearance, compressive strength, density and mass yield as well as combustion properties such as high heating value (HHV), energy yield and proximate analysis of untorrefied and torrefied briquettes were determined in the present study. The performances of the torrefied briquettes were also compared with the case of untorrefied briquettes as well as international benchmarks. It was found that torrefaction temperature significantly affects the properties of torrefied briquette rather than volume flow rate of nitrogen. At severe torrefaction condition (temperature of 275°C), HHV of 22.16±0.23 MJ/kg was obtained, that is the highest if compared to HHV of the briquettes torrefied at other temperatures. It was found that properties of the torrefied briquettes do not really affected by nitrogen flow rate. Overall, with the presence of starch binder, briquettes with considerably high compressive strength were obtained if compared to the previously developed binderless PKS briquettes. Penerbit Akademia Baru 2020-04 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92606/1/MuhammadAriffHanaffi2020_TorrefactionofBriquettesMadeofPalm.pdf Mohd. Fuad, Muhammad Ariff Hanaffi and Razali, Mohamad Muslihuddin and Mohamad Izal, Zaitul Nadiah and Mohd. Faizal, Hasan and Ahmad, Norhayati and Abdul Rahman, Mohd. Rosdzimin and Rahman, Md. Mizanur (2020) Torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder. Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 70 (2). pp. 21-36. ISSN 2289-7879 http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/ARFMTS.70.2.2136 DOI:10.37934/ARFMTS.70.2.2136
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building	UTM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source	UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.utm.my/
language	English
topic	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
spellingShingle	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Mohd. Fuad, Muhammad Ariff Hanaffi Razali, Mohamad Muslihuddin Mohamad Izal, Zaitul Nadiah Mohd. Faizal, Hasan Ahmad, Norhayati Abdul Rahman, Mohd. Rosdzimin Rahman, Md. Mizanur Torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder
description	This study presents physical and combustion properties of briquettes made of palm kernel shell (PKS) with mixture of starch and water as binder. The briquettes with weight ratio of 60:40 (PKS: starch binder) were torrefied at various temperatures (225-275°C) and nitrogen flow rates (1000-3000 mL/min). The physical properties such as appearance, compressive strength, density and mass yield as well as combustion properties such as high heating value (HHV), energy yield and proximate analysis of untorrefied and torrefied briquettes were determined in the present study. The performances of the torrefied briquettes were also compared with the case of untorrefied briquettes as well as international benchmarks. It was found that torrefaction temperature significantly affects the properties of torrefied briquette rather than volume flow rate of nitrogen. At severe torrefaction condition (temperature of 275°C), HHV of 22.16±0.23 MJ/kg was obtained, that is the highest if compared to HHV of the briquettes torrefied at other temperatures. It was found that properties of the torrefied briquettes do not really affected by nitrogen flow rate. Overall, with the presence of starch binder, briquettes with considerably high compressive strength were obtained if compared to the previously developed binderless PKS briquettes.
format	Article
author	Mohd. Fuad, Muhammad Ariff Hanaffi Razali, Mohamad Muslihuddin Mohamad Izal, Zaitul Nadiah Mohd. Faizal, Hasan Ahmad, Norhayati Abdul Rahman, Mohd. Rosdzimin Rahman, Md. Mizanur
author_facet	Mohd. Fuad, Muhammad Ariff Hanaffi Razali, Mohamad Muslihuddin Mohamad Izal, Zaitul Nadiah Mohd. Faizal, Hasan Ahmad, Norhayati Abdul Rahman, Mohd. Rosdzimin Rahman, Md. Mizanur
author_sort	Mohd. Fuad, Muhammad Ariff Hanaffi
title	Torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder
title_short	Torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder
title_full	Torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder
title_fullStr	Torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder
title_full_unstemmed	Torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder
title_sort	torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder
publisher	Penerbit Akademia Baru
publishDate	2020
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92606/1/MuhammadAriffHanaffi2020_TorrefactionofBriquettesMadeofPalm.pdf http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92606/ http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/ARFMTS.70.2.2136
_version_	1715189662901862400
score	13.211869

Torrefaction of briquettes made of palm kernel shell with mixture of starch and water as binder

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