Staff View: Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol

Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol

A simple microwave method was employed to prepare silica-doped mesoporous zirconia nanoparticles, SiO2/ZrO2 (SiZr) catalysts under various Si amount and then characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption analyses, Fourier-transform infrared, electron spin resonance, ultraviolet–...

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Main Authors:	Hassan, N. S., A. Jalil, A., A. Aziz, F. F., Fauzi, A. A., Azami, M. S., C. Jusoh, N. W.
Format:	Article
Published:	Springer 2020
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92211/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11244-020-01274-3
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spelling	my.utm.922112021-08-30T05:10:15Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92211/ Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol Hassan, N. S. A. Jalil, A. A. Aziz, F. F. Fauzi, A. A. Azami, M. S. C. Jusoh, N. W. TP Chemical technology A simple microwave method was employed to prepare silica-doped mesoporous zirconia nanoparticles, SiO2/ZrO2 (SiZr) catalysts under various Si amount and then characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption analyses, Fourier-transform infrared, electron spin resonance, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence analyses. The lower amount of Si fully stabilized the ZrO2 in the tetragonal phase (t-ZrO2), but the higher amount of Si occupied oxygen vacancies (OV) in the SiZr lattice to disrupt the catalysts with introduce low content of monoclinic phase. The catalyst activity towards on photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) was ranked in the following order: 1SiZr (92%) > TiO2 (73%) > 2SiZr (67%) > 3SiZr (64%) > 4SiZr (56%) > ZrO2 (51%). This result demonstrated that 1SiZr gave the highest degradation percentage of 10 mg L−1 2-CP at pH 5 using 0.375 g L−1 catalyst under visible light irradation within 4 h. The highest photoactivity of 1SiZr is due to the larger surface area and crystallite size, which resulted in a good surface contact with light and thus accelerated the photocatalytic activity. Additionally, the highest amount of OV possesed by 1 SiZr effectively suppressed the electron–hole recombination by acting as an electron acceptors, which consequently affected the t-ZrO2 stabilization as well as the catalytic activity. The kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of 2-CP correlated with pseudo-first order model, with the surface reaction as the controlling step. The photogenerated hole was the most active species as confirmed by effect of scavenger study. The 1SiZr maintained the photocatalytic activities after five runs and has a great capability in degrading of various phenols derivatives, indicating its potential use in the phenol-based wastewater treatment. Springer 2020-10-01 Article PeerReviewed Hassan, N. S. and A. Jalil, A. and A. Aziz, F. F. and Fauzi, A. A. and Azami, M. S. and C. Jusoh, N. W. (2020) Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol. Topics in Catalysis, 63 (11-14). pp. 1145-1156. ISSN 1022-5528 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11244-020-01274-3 DOI:10.1007/s11244-020-01274-3
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building	UTM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source	UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.utm.my/
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Hassan, N. S. A. Jalil, A. A. Aziz, F. F. Fauzi, A. A. Azami, M. S. C. Jusoh, N. W. Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol
description	A simple microwave method was employed to prepare silica-doped mesoporous zirconia nanoparticles, SiO2/ZrO2 (SiZr) catalysts under various Si amount and then characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption–desorption analyses, Fourier-transform infrared, electron spin resonance, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence analyses. The lower amount of Si fully stabilized the ZrO2 in the tetragonal phase (t-ZrO2), but the higher amount of Si occupied oxygen vacancies (OV) in the SiZr lattice to disrupt the catalysts with introduce low content of monoclinic phase. The catalyst activity towards on photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) was ranked in the following order: 1SiZr (92%) > TiO2 (73%) > 2SiZr (67%) > 3SiZr (64%) > 4SiZr (56%) > ZrO2 (51%). This result demonstrated that 1SiZr gave the highest degradation percentage of 10 mg L−1 2-CP at pH 5 using 0.375 g L−1 catalyst under visible light irradation within 4 h. The highest photoactivity of 1SiZr is due to the larger surface area and crystallite size, which resulted in a good surface contact with light and thus accelerated the photocatalytic activity. Additionally, the highest amount of OV possesed by 1 SiZr effectively suppressed the electron–hole recombination by acting as an electron acceptors, which consequently affected the t-ZrO2 stabilization as well as the catalytic activity. The kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of 2-CP correlated with pseudo-first order model, with the surface reaction as the controlling step. The photogenerated hole was the most active species as confirmed by effect of scavenger study. The 1SiZr maintained the photocatalytic activities after five runs and has a great capability in degrading of various phenols derivatives, indicating its potential use in the phenol-based wastewater treatment.
format	Article
author	Hassan, N. S. A. Jalil, A. A. Aziz, F. F. Fauzi, A. A. Azami, M. S. C. Jusoh, N. W.
author_facet	Hassan, N. S. A. Jalil, A. A. Aziz, F. F. Fauzi, A. A. Azami, M. S. C. Jusoh, N. W.
author_sort	Hassan, N. S.
title	Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol
title_short	Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol
title_full	Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol
title_fullStr	Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol
title_full_unstemmed	Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol
title_sort	tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol
publisher	Springer
publishDate	2020
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92211/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11244-020-01274-3
_version_	1709667399956955136
score	13.211869

Tailoring the silica amount in stabilizing the tetragonal phase of zirconia for enhanced photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol

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