Staff View: Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement

Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement

Tetraet hylead (TEL) is an additive in aviation gasoline (AVGAS) fuels to help suppress knock. Knock produces very high pressure inside the engine which can cause severe damage easily . Without the addition of TEL, the octane levels will be too low for some engines. Using a lower...

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Main Authors:	Kumar, Thanikasalam, Mohsin, Rahmat, Abdul Ghafir, Mohammad Fahmi, Kumar, Ilanchelvi, Wash, Ananth Manickam
Format:	Article
Published:	The Italian Association of Chemical Engineering 2018
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/84176/ https://www.aidic.it/cet/
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id	my.utm.84176
record_format	eprints
spelling	my.utm.841762019-12-16T03:20:39Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/84176/ Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement Kumar, Thanikasalam Mohsin, Rahmat Abdul Ghafir, Mohammad Fahmi Kumar, Ilanchelvi Wash, Ananth Manickam TP Chemical technology Tetraet hylead (TEL) is an additive in aviation gasoline (AVGAS) fuels to help suppress knock. Knock produces very high pressure inside the engine which can cause severe damage easily . Without the addition of TEL, the octane levels will be too low for some engines. Using a lower octane fuel than required level could lead to engine failure in piston aircraft engines. This is because Piston aircraft engines operate at higher power settings and temperatures. Friends of the Earth (FOE) filed a ‘‘Petition for Rulemaking Seeking the Regulation of Lead Emissions from General Aviation Aircraft Under Clean Air Act” to conduct a finding that lead emissions from general aviation aircraft endanger public health. FOE insisted to issue a proposed emission standard for lead from general aviation aircraft under the Clean Air Act (CAA). In 2008, EPA decreased the level of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NA AQS) for lead from 1.5 micrograms per cubic meter ( μgm - 3 ) to 0.15 μgm - 3 in order to provide increased protection for children and other at - risk populations against an array of adverse health effects. In this study, a comprehensive review will be conducted to analyse the replacement fuels introduced or tested or in use around the globe that has been used to further reduce or totally eliminate TEL from avgas 100LL. This paper assists aviation research students to further research and gain comprehensive know ledge on AVGAS, the problems on AVGAS and alternative fuel initiatives around the globe. If replacement for leaded fuels are tested and proven for drop - in replacement , the general aviation community can continue to thrive for decades to come with a renewable resource that is cleaner for the environment. Lead emissions should also be given equal concentration along with emissions of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and other particulates emissions in aviation with proper studies and findings to help the elimination efforts. The Italian Association of Chemical Engineering 2018 Article PeerReviewed Kumar, Thanikasalam and Mohsin, Rahmat and Abdul Ghafir, Mohammad Fahmi and Kumar, Ilanchelvi and Wash, Ananth Manickam (2018) Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 63 . pp. 175-180. ISSN 2283- 9216 https://www.aidic.it/cet/
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building	UTM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source	UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.utm.my/
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Kumar, Thanikasalam Mohsin, Rahmat Abdul Ghafir, Mohammad Fahmi Kumar, Ilanchelvi Wash, Ananth Manickam Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement
description	Tetraet hylead (TEL) is an additive in aviation gasoline (AVGAS) fuels to help suppress knock. Knock produces very high pressure inside the engine which can cause severe damage easily . Without the addition of TEL, the octane levels will be too low for some engines. Using a lower octane fuel than required level could lead to engine failure in piston aircraft engines. This is because Piston aircraft engines operate at higher power settings and temperatures. Friends of the Earth (FOE) filed a ‘‘Petition for Rulemaking Seeking the Regulation of Lead Emissions from General Aviation Aircraft Under Clean Air Act” to conduct a finding that lead emissions from general aviation aircraft endanger public health. FOE insisted to issue a proposed emission standard for lead from general aviation aircraft under the Clean Air Act (CAA). In 2008, EPA decreased the level of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NA AQS) for lead from 1.5 micrograms per cubic meter ( μgm - 3 ) to 0.15 μgm - 3 in order to provide increased protection for children and other at - risk populations against an array of adverse health effects. In this study, a comprehensive review will be conducted to analyse the replacement fuels introduced or tested or in use around the globe that has been used to further reduce or totally eliminate TEL from avgas 100LL. This paper assists aviation research students to further research and gain comprehensive know ledge on AVGAS, the problems on AVGAS and alternative fuel initiatives around the globe. If replacement for leaded fuels are tested and proven for drop - in replacement , the general aviation community can continue to thrive for decades to come with a renewable resource that is cleaner for the environment. Lead emissions should also be given equal concentration along with emissions of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and other particulates emissions in aviation with proper studies and findings to help the elimination efforts.
format	Article
author	Kumar, Thanikasalam Mohsin, Rahmat Abdul Ghafir, Mohammad Fahmi Kumar, Ilanchelvi Wash, Ananth Manickam
author_facet	Kumar, Thanikasalam Mohsin, Rahmat Abdul Ghafir, Mohammad Fahmi Kumar, Ilanchelvi Wash, Ananth Manickam
author_sort	Kumar, Thanikasalam
title	Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement
title_short	Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement
title_full	Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement
title_fullStr	Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement
title_full_unstemmed	Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement
title_sort	review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (avgas) replacement
publisher	The Italian Association of Chemical Engineering
publishDate	2018
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/84176/ https://www.aidic.it/cet/
_version_	1654960051370065920
score	13.211869

Review of alternative fuel initiatives for leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) replacement

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