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Transesterification of croton megalocarpus oil over tungsten trioxide loaded on silica mesoporous-macroparticles

Production of biodiesel has been seen as a quantum jump in recent years due to its ability to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG). Biodiesel produces better quality of exhaust gas emission that helps in minimizing the greenhouse effect. In this study, non-edible Croton megalocarpus oil was converted to bi...

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Main Author: Puad, Khalidah
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2015
Subjects:
QD Chemistry
Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81064/1/KhalidahPuadMFS2015.pdf
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spelling my.utm.810642019-07-24T03:06:44Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81064/ Transesterification of croton megalocarpus oil over tungsten trioxide loaded on silica mesoporous-macroparticles Puad, Khalidah QD Chemistry Production of biodiesel has been seen as a quantum jump in recent years due to its ability to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG). Biodiesel produces better quality of exhaust gas emission that helps in minimizing the greenhouse effect. In this study, non-edible Croton megalocarpus oil was converted to biodiesel by transesterification process in heterogeneous catalysis over tungsten trioxide supported on silica mesoporous-macroparticles (WO3/SMP). The SMP was successfully synthesized by hydrolysis of TEOS in the mixed solvent of water and acetone using CTAB as template at room temperature. Meanwhile, WO3/SMP catalysts were prepared by impregnation, followed by drying and calcination at 823 K. The properties of WO3/SMP were characterized using XRD, FTIR, N2 physisorption, FESEM and TEM. The 2WO3/SMP catalyst has high surface area, large pore size, and high acidity. The enhancement of Lewis acid sites induced high activity in the transesterification of Croton megalocarpus oil. Increased acidity effectively enhanced the catalytic performance of 2WO3/SMP as a heterogenous catalyst in biodiesel production. The optimal parameters obtained for the transesterification process were: reaction temperature (348 K), reaction time (68 min), and methanol to oil molar ratio (1:7), and catalyst dosage (4.wt%). Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the catalyst dosage (3 to 6 wt.%), methanol to oil molar ratio (4 to 13), reaction temperature (318 to 363 K), and reaction time (45 to 112 min) of the transesterification process. Using the optimal conditions determined by RSM, the conversion yield of Croton megalocarpus oil reached 93.1 % at 345 K with the methanol to oil molar ratio of 9:1, reaction time of 45 min, and catalyst dosage of 4.5 wt.%, respectively. Overall, this study shows that WO3/SMP has the potential to be applied as a catalyst in future biodiesel production. 2015-12 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81064/1/KhalidahPuadMFS2015.pdf Puad, Khalidah (2015) Transesterification of croton megalocarpus oil over tungsten trioxide loaded on silica mesoporous-macroparticles. Masters thesis, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science. http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:120179
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building UTM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utm.my/
language English
topic QD Chemistry
spellingShingle QD Chemistry
Puad, Khalidah
Transesterification of croton megalocarpus oil over tungsten trioxide loaded on silica mesoporous-macroparticles
description Production of biodiesel has been seen as a quantum jump in recent years due to its ability to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG). Biodiesel produces better quality of exhaust gas emission that helps in minimizing the greenhouse effect. In this study, non-edible Croton megalocarpus oil was converted to biodiesel by transesterification process in heterogeneous catalysis over tungsten trioxide supported on silica mesoporous-macroparticles (WO3/SMP). The SMP was successfully synthesized by hydrolysis of TEOS in the mixed solvent of water and acetone using CTAB as template at room temperature. Meanwhile, WO3/SMP catalysts were prepared by impregnation, followed by drying and calcination at 823 K. The properties of WO3/SMP were characterized using XRD, FTIR, N2 physisorption, FESEM and TEM. The 2WO3/SMP catalyst has high surface area, large pore size, and high acidity. The enhancement of Lewis acid sites induced high activity in the transesterification of Croton megalocarpus oil. Increased acidity effectively enhanced the catalytic performance of 2WO3/SMP as a heterogenous catalyst in biodiesel production. The optimal parameters obtained for the transesterification process were: reaction temperature (348 K), reaction time (68 min), and methanol to oil molar ratio (1:7), and catalyst dosage (4.wt%). Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the catalyst dosage (3 to 6 wt.%), methanol to oil molar ratio (4 to 13), reaction temperature (318 to 363 K), and reaction time (45 to 112 min) of the transesterification process. Using the optimal conditions determined by RSM, the conversion yield of Croton megalocarpus oil reached 93.1 % at 345 K with the methanol to oil molar ratio of 9:1, reaction time of 45 min, and catalyst dosage of 4.5 wt.%, respectively. Overall, this study shows that WO3/SMP has the potential to be applied as a catalyst in future biodiesel production.
format Thesis
author Puad, Khalidah
author_facet Puad, Khalidah
author_sort Puad, Khalidah
title Transesterification of croton megalocarpus oil over tungsten trioxide loaded on silica mesoporous-macroparticles
title_short Transesterification of croton megalocarpus oil over tungsten trioxide loaded on silica mesoporous-macroparticles
title_full Transesterification of croton megalocarpus oil over tungsten trioxide loaded on silica mesoporous-macroparticles
title_fullStr Transesterification of croton megalocarpus oil over tungsten trioxide loaded on silica mesoporous-macroparticles
title_full_unstemmed Transesterification of croton megalocarpus oil over tungsten trioxide loaded on silica mesoporous-macroparticles
title_sort transesterification of croton megalocarpus oil over tungsten trioxide loaded on silica mesoporous-macroparticles
publishDate 2015
url http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81064/1/KhalidahPuadMFS2015.pdf
http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81064/
http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:120179
_version_ 1643658599869710336
score 13.211869

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