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Liquid-gas boundary catalysis by gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania and the effective location of active sites in liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst

The research described in this thesis is an attempt to synthesize floating catalyst to be used in phase-boundary catalysis for liquid-gas reaction. It is also an attempt to determine the effective location of catalytic active sites in phase-boundary catalyst for immiscible liquid-liquid reaction. Ph...

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Main Author: Mohd. Ran, Nur Hidayah
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2014
Subjects:
QD Chemistry
Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/77809/1/NurHidayahMohdPFS2014.pdf
http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/77809/
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spelling my.utm.778092018-07-04T11:46:07Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/77809/ Liquid-gas boundary catalysis by gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania and the effective location of active sites in liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst Mohd. Ran, Nur Hidayah QD Chemistry The research described in this thesis is an attempt to synthesize floating catalyst to be used in phase-boundary catalysis for liquid-gas reaction. It is also an attempt to determine the effective location of catalytic active sites in phase-boundary catalyst for immiscible liquid-liquid reaction. Phase-boundary catalysis (PBC) is a heterogeneous catalytic reaction in which the catalyst particles are located at the interphase of either immiscible liquid-liquid or liquid-gas phases. In this research, gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania was successfully synthesized. The synthesis steps involved hydrothermal synthesis of carbon sphere from sucrose as the template, coating of the carbon sphere with titania, removal of the carbon sphere to produce hollow titania, followed by coating of polystyrene on the surface of hollow titania and the attachment of gold nanoparticles. The results showed that the size of the carbon spheres increased when the concentration of the sucrose increased. The hollow titania obtained by carbon sphere template was found to have smaller diameter than its template and was in the anatase phase. Polystyrene was coated on hollow titania by in-situ polymerization of styrene with aqueous H2O2, while gold was deposited by sputtering deposition technique on the surface of polystyrene-coated hollow titania. It has been demonstrated that gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania can float on water due to its low density and it is a potential catalyst for liquid–gas boundary catalysis in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol by using molecular oxygen. In this study, some aspects in the determination of the effective location of active sites of PBC in immiscible liquid-liquid system were also studied using NaY, HZSM-5 and TS-1 zeolites as the catalysts in the oxidation of 1-octene and hydroxylation of cyclohexene using aqueous H2O2. Based on experimental results, it is concluded that the effective location of active sites is located on the external surface of zeolites. 2014-12 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/77809/1/NurHidayahMohdPFS2014.pdf Mohd. Ran, Nur Hidayah (2014) Liquid-gas boundary catalysis by gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania and the effective location of active sites in liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst. PhD thesis, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science. http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:98535
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building UTM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utm.my/
language English
topic QD Chemistry
spellingShingle QD Chemistry
Mohd. Ran, Nur Hidayah
Liquid-gas boundary catalysis by gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania and the effective location of active sites in liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst
description The research described in this thesis is an attempt to synthesize floating catalyst to be used in phase-boundary catalysis for liquid-gas reaction. It is also an attempt to determine the effective location of catalytic active sites in phase-boundary catalyst for immiscible liquid-liquid reaction. Phase-boundary catalysis (PBC) is a heterogeneous catalytic reaction in which the catalyst particles are located at the interphase of either immiscible liquid-liquid or liquid-gas phases. In this research, gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania was successfully synthesized. The synthesis steps involved hydrothermal synthesis of carbon sphere from sucrose as the template, coating of the carbon sphere with titania, removal of the carbon sphere to produce hollow titania, followed by coating of polystyrene on the surface of hollow titania and the attachment of gold nanoparticles. The results showed that the size of the carbon spheres increased when the concentration of the sucrose increased. The hollow titania obtained by carbon sphere template was found to have smaller diameter than its template and was in the anatase phase. Polystyrene was coated on hollow titania by in-situ polymerization of styrene with aqueous H2O2, while gold was deposited by sputtering deposition technique on the surface of polystyrene-coated hollow titania. It has been demonstrated that gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania can float on water due to its low density and it is a potential catalyst for liquid–gas boundary catalysis in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol by using molecular oxygen. In this study, some aspects in the determination of the effective location of active sites of PBC in immiscible liquid-liquid system were also studied using NaY, HZSM-5 and TS-1 zeolites as the catalysts in the oxidation of 1-octene and hydroxylation of cyclohexene using aqueous H2O2. Based on experimental results, it is concluded that the effective location of active sites is located on the external surface of zeolites.
format Thesis
author Mohd. Ran, Nur Hidayah
author_facet Mohd. Ran, Nur Hidayah
author_sort Mohd. Ran, Nur Hidayah
title Liquid-gas boundary catalysis by gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania and the effective location of active sites in liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst
title_short Liquid-gas boundary catalysis by gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania and the effective location of active sites in liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst
title_full Liquid-gas boundary catalysis by gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania and the effective location of active sites in liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst
title_fullStr Liquid-gas boundary catalysis by gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania and the effective location of active sites in liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst
title_full_unstemmed Liquid-gas boundary catalysis by gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania and the effective location of active sites in liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst
title_sort liquid-gas boundary catalysis by gold/polystyrene-coated hollow titania and the effective location of active sites in liquid-liquid phase-boundary catalyst
publishDate 2014
url http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/77809/1/NurHidayahMohdPFS2014.pdf
http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/77809/
http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:98535
_version_ 1643657640647065600
score 13.211869

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