Cover Image

Simulation of a conventional water treatment plant for the minimization of new emerging pollutants in drinking water sources: process optimization using response surface methodology

This study describes the ability of conventional water treatment plants towards the removal of non-targeted new emerging pollutants (NEPs) by optimizing the variables such as pH and polyaluminium chloride (PAC), activated carbon, and chlorine (Cl2) concentrations. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bhaskar Reddy, Ambavaram Vijaya, Yusop, Zulkifli, Jaafar, Jafariah, Aris, Azmi, Abdul Majid, Zaiton
Format: Article
Published: Royal Society of Chemistry 2017
Subjects:
TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Q Science
Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/66214/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra27733k
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id my.utm.66214
record_format eprints
spelling my.utm.662142017-07-17T08:25:23Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/66214/ Simulation of a conventional water treatment plant for the minimization of new emerging pollutants in drinking water sources: process optimization using response surface methodology Bhaskar Reddy, Ambavaram Vijaya Yusop, Zulkifli Jaafar, Jafariah Aris, Azmi Abdul Majid, Zaiton TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Q Science This study describes the ability of conventional water treatment plants towards the removal of non-targeted new emerging pollutants (NEPs) by optimizing the variables such as pH and polyaluminium chloride (PAC), activated carbon, and chlorine (Cl2) concentrations. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the separation and quantification of NEPs. Several NEPs, including ibuprofen, a drug expected to exhibit carcinogenicity at lower concentrations, were identified in selected river water samples. The simulation experiments were conducted using jar tests to minimize the turbidity, TOC, and ibuprofen concentrations in water samples. In addition, response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD) was chosen for process optimization as well as to study the influences of the four factors viz., pH of the solution, PAC dosage, and activated carbon and Cl2 concentrations, on the treatment process. The quadratic models established for the three responses viz., turbidity, TOC, and ibuprofen removal, evidenced the lower values of 0.51 NTU, 1.21 mg L−1, and 52.53% for the turbidity, TOC, and % removal of ibuprofen, respectively, upon optimization of the selected variables. Moreover, the optimum conditions were evaluated, aiming at 90% ibuprofen removal, which was found to be attained at 26.50 ppm of PAC, 49.20 ppm of activated carbon, and 12.10 ppm of Cl2 concentration at the pH value of 7.99. It was also confirmed that the experimental results are very close to the predicted values. In addition, the removal of other NEPs, turbidity, and TOC was also maximum under the optimized conditions. Finally, our results imply that NEPs are not only removed by coagulation itself, but also by adjusting other parameters such as pH and Cl2 concentration. Herein, the advantages of the RSM approach in achieving good predictions have been explained via conducting minimum number of experiments. Royal Society of Chemistry 2017-01-01 Article PeerReviewed Bhaskar Reddy, Ambavaram Vijaya and Yusop, Zulkifli and Jaafar, Jafariah and Aris, Azmi and Abdul Majid, Zaiton (2017) Simulation of a conventional water treatment plant for the minimization of new emerging pollutants in drinking water sources: process optimization using response surface methodology. RSC Advances, 7 (19). pp. 11550-11560. ISSN 2046-2069 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra27733k DOI:10.1039/c6ra27733k
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building UTM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utm.my/
topic TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Q Science
spellingShingle TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Q Science
Bhaskar Reddy, Ambavaram Vijaya
Yusop, Zulkifli
Jaafar, Jafariah
Aris, Azmi
Abdul Majid, Zaiton
Simulation of a conventional water treatment plant for the minimization of new emerging pollutants in drinking water sources: process optimization using response surface methodology
description This study describes the ability of conventional water treatment plants towards the removal of non-targeted new emerging pollutants (NEPs) by optimizing the variables such as pH and polyaluminium chloride (PAC), activated carbon, and chlorine (Cl2) concentrations. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the separation and quantification of NEPs. Several NEPs, including ibuprofen, a drug expected to exhibit carcinogenicity at lower concentrations, were identified in selected river water samples. The simulation experiments were conducted using jar tests to minimize the turbidity, TOC, and ibuprofen concentrations in water samples. In addition, response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD) was chosen for process optimization as well as to study the influences of the four factors viz., pH of the solution, PAC dosage, and activated carbon and Cl2 concentrations, on the treatment process. The quadratic models established for the three responses viz., turbidity, TOC, and ibuprofen removal, evidenced the lower values of 0.51 NTU, 1.21 mg L−1, and 52.53% for the turbidity, TOC, and % removal of ibuprofen, respectively, upon optimization of the selected variables. Moreover, the optimum conditions were evaluated, aiming at 90% ibuprofen removal, which was found to be attained at 26.50 ppm of PAC, 49.20 ppm of activated carbon, and 12.10 ppm of Cl2 concentration at the pH value of 7.99. It was also confirmed that the experimental results are very close to the predicted values. In addition, the removal of other NEPs, turbidity, and TOC was also maximum under the optimized conditions. Finally, our results imply that NEPs are not only removed by coagulation itself, but also by adjusting other parameters such as pH and Cl2 concentration. Herein, the advantages of the RSM approach in achieving good predictions have been explained via conducting minimum number of experiments.
format Article
author Bhaskar Reddy, Ambavaram Vijaya
Yusop, Zulkifli
Jaafar, Jafariah
Aris, Azmi
Abdul Majid, Zaiton
author_facet Bhaskar Reddy, Ambavaram Vijaya
Yusop, Zulkifli
Jaafar, Jafariah
Aris, Azmi
Abdul Majid, Zaiton
author_sort Bhaskar Reddy, Ambavaram Vijaya
title Simulation of a conventional water treatment plant for the minimization of new emerging pollutants in drinking water sources: process optimization using response surface methodology
title_short Simulation of a conventional water treatment plant for the minimization of new emerging pollutants in drinking water sources: process optimization using response surface methodology
title_full Simulation of a conventional water treatment plant for the minimization of new emerging pollutants in drinking water sources: process optimization using response surface methodology
title_fullStr Simulation of a conventional water treatment plant for the minimization of new emerging pollutants in drinking water sources: process optimization using response surface methodology
title_full_unstemmed Simulation of a conventional water treatment plant for the minimization of new emerging pollutants in drinking water sources: process optimization using response surface methodology
title_sort simulation of a conventional water treatment plant for the minimization of new emerging pollutants in drinking water sources: process optimization using response surface methodology
publisher Royal Society of Chemistry
publishDate 2017
url http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/66214/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra27733k
_version_ 1643655790035206144
score 13.211869

Similar Items