Staff View: Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation

Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation

N-doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microspheres were successfully synthesized via a simple and direct sol–gel method containing titanium-n-butoxide Ti(OBu)4 as a precursor material, nitric acid as a catalyst, and isopropanol as a solvent. By manipulating calcination temperature, the phot...

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Main Authors:	Mohamed, Mohamad Azuwa, Salleh, W. N. W., Jaafar, Juhana, Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi, Mohamad Nor, Nor Azureen
Format:	Article
Published:	Elsevier Ltd. 2015
Subjects:	QD Chemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/58827/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.05.033
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spelling	my.utm.588272021-10-05T08:29:51Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/58827/ Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation Mohamed, Mohamad Azuwa Salleh, W. N. W. Jaafar, Juhana Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi Mohamad Nor, Nor Azureen QD Chemistry N-doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microspheres were successfully synthesized via a simple and direct sol–gel method containing titanium-n-butoxide Ti(OBu)4 as a precursor material, nitric acid as a catalyst, and isopropanol as a solvent. By manipulating calcination temperature, the photocatalyst consisting of different phase compositions of anatase and rutile was obtained. The prepared TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized by means of x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning microscope (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy, and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The results from UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy and FTIR revealed the direct incorporation of nitrogen in TiO2 lattice since visible absorption capability was observed at 400–600 nm. XPS study indicated the incorporation of nitrogen as dopant in TiO2 at binding energies of 396.8, 397.5, 398.7, 399.8, and 401 eV. Calcination temperature was observed to have a great influence on the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 nanorods. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared mixed phase of anatase/rutile TiO2 nanoparticles was measured by photodegradation phenol in an aqueous solution under UV and visible irradiations. N-doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere (consists of 38.3% anatase and 61.7% rutile) that was prepared at 400 °C exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity after irradiated under visible and UV light for 540 min. The high performance of photocatalyst materials could be obtained by adopting a judicious combination of anatase/rutile prepared at optimum calcination conditions. Elsevier Ltd. 2015 Article PeerReviewed Mohamed, Mohamad Azuwa and Salleh, W. N. W. and Jaafar, Juhana and Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi and Mohamad Nor, Nor Azureen (2015) Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation. Materials Chemistry And Physics, 162 . pp. 113-123. ISSN 2536-269 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.05.033 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.05.033
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building	UTM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source	UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.utm.my/
topic	QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry Mohamed, Mohamad Azuwa Salleh, W. N. W. Jaafar, Juhana Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi Mohamad Nor, Nor Azureen Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation
description	N-doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microspheres were successfully synthesized via a simple and direct sol–gel method containing titanium-n-butoxide Ti(OBu)4 as a precursor material, nitric acid as a catalyst, and isopropanol as a solvent. By manipulating calcination temperature, the photocatalyst consisting of different phase compositions of anatase and rutile was obtained. The prepared TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized by means of x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning microscope (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy, and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The results from UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy and FTIR revealed the direct incorporation of nitrogen in TiO2 lattice since visible absorption capability was observed at 400–600 nm. XPS study indicated the incorporation of nitrogen as dopant in TiO2 at binding energies of 396.8, 397.5, 398.7, 399.8, and 401 eV. Calcination temperature was observed to have a great influence on the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 nanorods. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared mixed phase of anatase/rutile TiO2 nanoparticles was measured by photodegradation phenol in an aqueous solution under UV and visible irradiations. N-doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere (consists of 38.3% anatase and 61.7% rutile) that was prepared at 400 °C exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity after irradiated under visible and UV light for 540 min. The high performance of photocatalyst materials could be obtained by adopting a judicious combination of anatase/rutile prepared at optimum calcination conditions.
format	Article
author	Mohamed, Mohamad Azuwa Salleh, W. N. W. Jaafar, Juhana Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi Mohamad Nor, Nor Azureen
author_facet	Mohamed, Mohamad Azuwa Salleh, W. N. W. Jaafar, Juhana Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi Mohamad Nor, Nor Azureen
author_sort	Mohamed, Mohamad Azuwa
title	Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation
title_short	Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation
title_full	Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation
title_fullStr	Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation
title_full_unstemmed	Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation
title_sort	photodegradation of phenol by n-doped tio2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under uv and visible light irradiation
publisher	Elsevier Ltd.
publishDate	2015
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/58827/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.05.033
_version_	1715189646919467008
score	13.211869

Photodegradation of phenol by N-Doped TiO2 anatase/rutile nanorods assembled microsphere under UV and visible light irradiation

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