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Ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents

Malaria has been teasing human populations from a long time. Presently, several classes of antimalarial drugs are available in market, but the issues of toxicity, lower efficacy and the resistance by malarial parasites have decreased their overall therapeutic indices. Thus, the search for new promis...

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Main Authors:	Wani, Waseem A., Jameel, Ehtesham, Baig, Umair, Mumtazuddin, Syed, Lee, Ting Hun
Format:	Article
Published:	Elsevier 2015
Subjects:	QD Chemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/55282/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0223523415301410
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spelling	my.utm.552822017-08-06T04:36:58Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/55282/ Ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents Wani, Waseem A. Jameel, Ehtesham Baig, Umair Mumtazuddin, Syed Lee, Ting Hun QD Chemistry Malaria has been teasing human populations from a long time. Presently, several classes of antimalarial drugs are available in market, but the issues of toxicity, lower efficacy and the resistance by malarial parasites have decreased their overall therapeutic indices. Thus, the search for new promising antimalarials continues, however, the battle against malaria is far from over. Ferroquine is a derivative of chloroquine with antimalarial properties. It is the most successful of the chloroquine derivatives. Not only ferroquine, but also its derivatives have shown promising potential as antimalarials of clinical interest. Presently, much research is dedicated to the development of ferroquine derivatives as safe alternatives to antimalarial chemotherapy. The present article describes the structural, chemical and biological features of ferroquine. Several classes of ferroquine derivatives including hydroxyferroquines, trioxaferroquines, chloroquine-bridged ferrocenophanes, thiosemicarbazone derivatives, ferrocene dual conjugates, 4-N-substituted derivatives, and others have been discussed. Besides, the mechanism of action of ferroquine has been discussed. A careful observation has been made into pharmacologically significant ferroquine derivatives with better or equal therapeutic effects to that of chloroquine and ferroquine. A brief discussion of the toxicities of ferroquine derivatives has been made. Finally, efforts have been made to discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of ferroquine-based antimalarial drug development Elsevier 2015-07 Article PeerReviewed Wani, Waseem A. and Jameel, Ehtesham and Baig, Umair and Mumtazuddin, Syed and Lee, Ting Hun (2015) Ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 101 . pp. 534-551. ISSN 0223-5234 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0223523415301410
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building	UTM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source	UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.utm.my/
topic	QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry Wani, Waseem A. Jameel, Ehtesham Baig, Umair Mumtazuddin, Syed Lee, Ting Hun Ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents
description	Malaria has been teasing human populations from a long time. Presently, several classes of antimalarial drugs are available in market, but the issues of toxicity, lower efficacy and the resistance by malarial parasites have decreased their overall therapeutic indices. Thus, the search for new promising antimalarials continues, however, the battle against malaria is far from over. Ferroquine is a derivative of chloroquine with antimalarial properties. It is the most successful of the chloroquine derivatives. Not only ferroquine, but also its derivatives have shown promising potential as antimalarials of clinical interest. Presently, much research is dedicated to the development of ferroquine derivatives as safe alternatives to antimalarial chemotherapy. The present article describes the structural, chemical and biological features of ferroquine. Several classes of ferroquine derivatives including hydroxyferroquines, trioxaferroquines, chloroquine-bridged ferrocenophanes, thiosemicarbazone derivatives, ferrocene dual conjugates, 4-N-substituted derivatives, and others have been discussed. Besides, the mechanism of action of ferroquine has been discussed. A careful observation has been made into pharmacologically significant ferroquine derivatives with better or equal therapeutic effects to that of chloroquine and ferroquine. A brief discussion of the toxicities of ferroquine derivatives has been made. Finally, efforts have been made to discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of ferroquine-based antimalarial drug development
format	Article
author	Wani, Waseem A. Jameel, Ehtesham Baig, Umair Mumtazuddin, Syed Lee, Ting Hun
author_facet	Wani, Waseem A. Jameel, Ehtesham Baig, Umair Mumtazuddin, Syed Lee, Ting Hun
author_sort	Wani, Waseem A.
title	Ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents
title_short	Ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents
title_full	Ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents
title_fullStr	Ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents
title_full_unstemmed	Ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents
title_sort	ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2015
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/55282/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0223523415301410
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score	13.211869

Ferroquine and its derivatives: new generation of antimalarial agents

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