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Influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol

Bamboo activated carbon (BAC) was synthesized as adsorbent for 4-NP adsorption due to its incredible adsorptive capability that has led it to its popularity. The effect of furnace atmospheres (argon, limited-air, vacuum), carbonizing temperatures (400–600 ?), and activating temperatures (500–700 ?)...

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Main Authors:	Grace Erlinda Harimisa, Grace Erlinda Harimisa, Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny, Tan, L. S., Ghafar, N. A.
Format:	Article
Published:	Institution of Chemical Engineers 2023
Subjects:	T Technology (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/105900/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2023.09.008
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spelling	my.utm.1059002024-05-26T08:59:07Z http://eprints.utm.my/105900/ Influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol Grace Erlinda Harimisa, Grace Erlinda Harimisa Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny Tan, L. S. Ghafar, N. A. T Technology (General) Bamboo activated carbon (BAC) was synthesized as adsorbent for 4-NP adsorption due to its incredible adsorptive capability that has led it to its popularity. The effect of furnace atmospheres (argon, limited-air, vacuum), carbonizing temperatures (400–600 ?), and activating temperatures (500–700 ?) were investigated to achieve the largest surface area (SBET) of BAC. Its properties were analysed by using BET, FTIR, LVSEM, XRD, TGA, and Elemental analysis. The 4-NP adsorption was conducted by varying the pH (3-11), BAC dosages (0.05–0.4 g L-1), and 4-NP initial concentrations (10–100 mg L-1). Consequently, the argon-treated BAC (A67) had the highest SBET (1795.38 m2 g-1), stating that 600 ? of carbonizing temperature with 700 ? of argon flow activating temperature is the best condition to synthesize the BAC. The best adsorption efficiency (95.12%) was achieved by using A67 (pH 5, 0.2 g L-1, 50 mg L-1) with its maximum adsorption capacity (411.95 mg g-1). The Redlich-Peterson was the best-fitted isotherm model whereas the Pseudo-Second-Order (PSO) and Elovich were the best-fitted kinetic models for the 4-NP adsorption on BAC. The adsorption mechanism was analysed by applying the IPD model to the experimental data and was depicted in an insightful illustration. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the adsorbent synthesis processes and highlights the importance of furnace atmospheres and KOH activation in tailoring the properties and adsorption activity of bamboo activated carbon adsorbents. The findings contribute to the development of sustainable and efficient adsorbent materials derived from renewable resources, with significant implications for environmental remediation and waste treatment applications. Institution of Chemical Engineers 2023 Article PeerReviewed Grace Erlinda Harimisa, Grace Erlinda Harimisa and Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny and Tan, L. S. and Ghafar, N. A. (2023) Influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 198 (NA). pp. 325-339. ISSN 0263-8762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2023.09.008 DOI : 10.1016/j.cherd.2023.09.008
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building	UTM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source	UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://eprints.utm.my/
topic	T Technology (General)
spellingShingle	T Technology (General) Grace Erlinda Harimisa, Grace Erlinda Harimisa Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny Tan, L. S. Ghafar, N. A. Influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol
description	Bamboo activated carbon (BAC) was synthesized as adsorbent for 4-NP adsorption due to its incredible adsorptive capability that has led it to its popularity. The effect of furnace atmospheres (argon, limited-air, vacuum), carbonizing temperatures (400–600 ?), and activating temperatures (500–700 ?) were investigated to achieve the largest surface area (SBET) of BAC. Its properties were analysed by using BET, FTIR, LVSEM, XRD, TGA, and Elemental analysis. The 4-NP adsorption was conducted by varying the pH (3-11), BAC dosages (0.05–0.4 g L-1), and 4-NP initial concentrations (10–100 mg L-1). Consequently, the argon-treated BAC (A67) had the highest SBET (1795.38 m2 g-1), stating that 600 ? of carbonizing temperature with 700 ? of argon flow activating temperature is the best condition to synthesize the BAC. The best adsorption efficiency (95.12%) was achieved by using A67 (pH 5, 0.2 g L-1, 50 mg L-1) with its maximum adsorption capacity (411.95 mg g-1). The Redlich-Peterson was the best-fitted isotherm model whereas the Pseudo-Second-Order (PSO) and Elovich were the best-fitted kinetic models for the 4-NP adsorption on BAC. The adsorption mechanism was analysed by applying the IPD model to the experimental data and was depicted in an insightful illustration. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the adsorbent synthesis processes and highlights the importance of furnace atmospheres and KOH activation in tailoring the properties and adsorption activity of bamboo activated carbon adsorbents. The findings contribute to the development of sustainable and efficient adsorbent materials derived from renewable resources, with significant implications for environmental remediation and waste treatment applications.
format	Article
author	Grace Erlinda Harimisa, Grace Erlinda Harimisa Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny Tan, L. S. Ghafar, N. A.
author_facet	Grace Erlinda Harimisa, Grace Erlinda Harimisa Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny Tan, L. S. Ghafar, N. A.
author_sort	Grace Erlinda Harimisa, Grace Erlinda Harimisa
title	Influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol
title_short	Influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol
title_full	Influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol
title_fullStr	Influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol
title_full_unstemmed	Influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol
title_sort	influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol
publisher	Institution of Chemical Engineers
publishDate	2023
url	http://eprints.utm.my/105900/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2023.09.008
_version_	1800714774334406656
score	13.211869

Influence of furnace atmospheres and potassium hydroxide activation on the properties of bamboo activated carbon and its adsorption towards 4-nitrophenol

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