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Ce-loaded HZSM-5 composite for catalytic deoxygenation of algal hydrolyzed oil into hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds

Despite the extensive research into the catalytic uses of zeolite-based catalysts, these catalysts have a limited useful lifetime because of the deactivating effect of coke production. This study looks at the use of Cerium (Ce) loaded HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts in the hydrocarbon and oxygenated chemic...

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Main Authors: Nuhma, Mustafa Jawad, Alias, Hajar, Muhammad Tahir, Muhammad Tahir, A. Jazie, Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI 2022
Subjects:
Q Science (General)
TP Chemical technology
Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/103339/1/HajarAlias2022_CeLoadedHZSM5CompositeforCatalytic.pdf
http://eprints.utm.my/103339/
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217251
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spelling my.utm.1033392023-10-31T02:48:36Z http://eprints.utm.my/103339/ Ce-loaded HZSM-5 composite for catalytic deoxygenation of algal hydrolyzed oil into hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds Nuhma, Mustafa Jawad Alias, Hajar Muhammad Tahir, Muhammad Tahir A. Jazie, Ali Q Science (General) TP Chemical technology Despite the extensive research into the catalytic uses of zeolite-based catalysts, these catalysts have a limited useful lifetime because of the deactivating effect of coke production. This study looks at the use of Cerium (Ce) loaded HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts in the hydrocarbon and oxygenated chemical conversion from Chlorella Vulgaris microalgae crude oil. Characterization of structure, morphology, and crystallinity was performed after the catalysts were manufactured using the impregnation technique. Soxhlet extraction was carried out to extract the crude oil of microalgae. Transesterification reaction was used to produce algal hydrolyzed oil (HO), and the resulting HO was put to use in a batch reactor at 300 °C, 1000 rpm, 7 bars of nitrogen pressure, a catalyst to the algal HO ratio of 15% (wt. %), and a retention time of 6 h. To determine which Ce-loaded HZSM-5 catalysts would be most effective in converting algal HO into non-oxygenated molecules (hydrocarbons), we conducted a series of tests. Liquid product characteristics were analyzed for elemental composition, higher heating value (HHV), atomic ratios of O/C and H/C, and degree of deoxygenation (DOD%). Results were categorized into three groups: product yield, chemical composition, and carbon number distribution. When Cerium was added to HZSM-5 zeolite at varying loading percentages, the zeolite’s acid sites became more effective in facilitating the algal HO conversion. The results showed that 10%Ce/HZSM-5 had the greatest conversion of the algal HO, the yield of hydrocarbons, HHV, and DOD% (98.2%, 30%, 34.05 MJ/Kg, and 51.44%, respectively) among all the synthesized catalysts in this research. In conclusion, the physical changes seen in the textural characteristics may be attributed to Cerium-loading on the parent HZSM-5; nevertheless, there is no direct association between the physical features and the hydrocarbons yield (%). The primary impact of Cerium alteration of the parent HZSM-5 zeolite was to change the acidic sites required to boost the conversion (%) of the algal HO in the catalytic deoxygenation process, which in turn increased the hydrocarbons yield (%), which in turn increased the HHV and DOD%. MDPI 2022-11 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/103339/1/HajarAlias2022_CeLoadedHZSM5CompositeforCatalytic.pdf Nuhma, Mustafa Jawad and Alias, Hajar and Muhammad Tahir, Muhammad Tahir and A. Jazie, Ali (2022) Ce-loaded HZSM-5 composite for catalytic deoxygenation of algal hydrolyzed oil into hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds. Molecules, 27 (21). pp. 1-34. ISSN 1420-3049 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217251 DOI:10.3390/molecules27217251
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
building UTM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
content_source UTM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utm.my/
language English
topic Q Science (General)
TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle Q Science (General)
TP Chemical technology
Nuhma, Mustafa Jawad
Alias, Hajar
Muhammad Tahir, Muhammad Tahir
A. Jazie, Ali
Ce-loaded HZSM-5 composite for catalytic deoxygenation of algal hydrolyzed oil into hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds
description Despite the extensive research into the catalytic uses of zeolite-based catalysts, these catalysts have a limited useful lifetime because of the deactivating effect of coke production. This study looks at the use of Cerium (Ce) loaded HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts in the hydrocarbon and oxygenated chemical conversion from Chlorella Vulgaris microalgae crude oil. Characterization of structure, morphology, and crystallinity was performed after the catalysts were manufactured using the impregnation technique. Soxhlet extraction was carried out to extract the crude oil of microalgae. Transesterification reaction was used to produce algal hydrolyzed oil (HO), and the resulting HO was put to use in a batch reactor at 300 °C, 1000 rpm, 7 bars of nitrogen pressure, a catalyst to the algal HO ratio of 15% (wt. %), and a retention time of 6 h. To determine which Ce-loaded HZSM-5 catalysts would be most effective in converting algal HO into non-oxygenated molecules (hydrocarbons), we conducted a series of tests. Liquid product characteristics were analyzed for elemental composition, higher heating value (HHV), atomic ratios of O/C and H/C, and degree of deoxygenation (DOD%). Results were categorized into three groups: product yield, chemical composition, and carbon number distribution. When Cerium was added to HZSM-5 zeolite at varying loading percentages, the zeolite’s acid sites became more effective in facilitating the algal HO conversion. The results showed that 10%Ce/HZSM-5 had the greatest conversion of the algal HO, the yield of hydrocarbons, HHV, and DOD% (98.2%, 30%, 34.05 MJ/Kg, and 51.44%, respectively) among all the synthesized catalysts in this research. In conclusion, the physical changes seen in the textural characteristics may be attributed to Cerium-loading on the parent HZSM-5; nevertheless, there is no direct association between the physical features and the hydrocarbons yield (%). The primary impact of Cerium alteration of the parent HZSM-5 zeolite was to change the acidic sites required to boost the conversion (%) of the algal HO in the catalytic deoxygenation process, which in turn increased the hydrocarbons yield (%), which in turn increased the HHV and DOD%.
format Article
author Nuhma, Mustafa Jawad
Alias, Hajar
Muhammad Tahir, Muhammad Tahir
A. Jazie, Ali
author_facet Nuhma, Mustafa Jawad
Alias, Hajar
Muhammad Tahir, Muhammad Tahir
A. Jazie, Ali
author_sort Nuhma, Mustafa Jawad
title Ce-loaded HZSM-5 composite for catalytic deoxygenation of algal hydrolyzed oil into hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds
title_short Ce-loaded HZSM-5 composite for catalytic deoxygenation of algal hydrolyzed oil into hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds
title_full Ce-loaded HZSM-5 composite for catalytic deoxygenation of algal hydrolyzed oil into hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds
title_fullStr Ce-loaded HZSM-5 composite for catalytic deoxygenation of algal hydrolyzed oil into hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds
title_full_unstemmed Ce-loaded HZSM-5 composite for catalytic deoxygenation of algal hydrolyzed oil into hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds
title_sort ce-loaded hzsm-5 composite for catalytic deoxygenation of algal hydrolyzed oil into hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds
publisher MDPI
publishDate 2022
url http://eprints.utm.my/103339/1/HajarAlias2022_CeLoadedHZSM5CompositeforCatalytic.pdf
http://eprints.utm.my/103339/
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217251
_version_ 1781777681734434816
score 13.211869

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