Coconut Palm: Food, feed, and nutraceutical properties
The price of traditional sources of nutrients used in animal feed rations is increasing steeply in developed countries due to their scarcity, high demand from humans for the same food items, and expensive costs of raw materials. Thus, one of the alternative sources is coconut parts or coconut as a w...
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100796/1/MiraPanadi2022_CoconutPalmFoodFeedandNutraceuticalProperties.pdf http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100796/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12162107 |
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my.utm.1007962023-04-30T11:37:58Z http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100796/ Coconut Palm: Food, feed, and nutraceutical properties Mat, Khairiyah Abdul Kari, Zulhisyam Rusli, Nor Dini Che Harun, Hasnita Lee, Seong Wei Rahman, Mohammad Mijanur Mohd. Khalid, Hazreen Nita Mohd. Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim Mohamad Sukri, Suniza Anis Raja Khalif, Raja Ili Airina Mohd. Zin, Zamzahaila Mohd. Zaino, Mohamad Khairi Panadi, Mira Mohd. Nor, Mohamad Faiz Goh, Khang Wen QH Natural history The price of traditional sources of nutrients used in animal feed rations is increasing steeply in developed countries due to their scarcity, high demand from humans for the same food items, and expensive costs of raw materials. Thus, one of the alternative sources is coconut parts or coconut as a whole fruit. Coconut is known as the ‘tree of abundance’, ‘tree of heaven’, and ‘tree of life’ owing to its numerous uses, becoming a very important tree in tropical areas for its provision of food, employment, and business opportunities to millions of people. Coconut contains a rich profile of macro and micronutrients that vary depending on the parts and how they are used. It is frequently chosen as an alternative source of protein and fiber. Its uses as an antibacterial agent, immunomodulant, and antioxidant further increase its importance. Using coconut oil in ruminant feed helps to minimize methane gas emissions by 18–30%, and to reduce dry matter intake up to 4.2 kg/d. The aquaculture sectors also use coconut palm as an alternative source because it significantly improves the digestion, growth, lipid metabolism, health, and antioxidative responses. However, coconut is not widely used in poultry diets although it has adequate amount of protein and carbohydrate due to anti-nutritional factors such cellulose (13%), galactomannan (61%), and mannan (26%). This review considered the importance and potential of coconut usage as an alternative ingredient in feed and supplements in various livestock sectors as it has plentiful nutrients and functional qualities, simultaneously leading to reduced feed cost and enhanced production. MDPI 2022 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100796/1/MiraPanadi2022_CoconutPalmFoodFeedandNutraceuticalProperties.pdf Mat, Khairiyah and Abdul Kari, Zulhisyam and Rusli, Nor Dini and Che Harun, Hasnita and Lee, Seong Wei and Rahman, Mohammad Mijanur and Mohd. Khalid, Hazreen Nita and Mohd. Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim and Mohamad Sukri, Suniza Anis and Raja Khalif, Raja Ili Airina and Mohd. Zin, Zamzahaila and Mohd. Zaino, Mohamad Khairi and Panadi, Mira and Mohd. Nor, Mohamad Faiz and Goh, Khang Wen (2022) Coconut Palm: Food, feed, and nutraceutical properties. Animals, 12 (16). pp. 1-19. ISSN 2076-2615 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12162107 DOI : 10.3390/ani12162107 |
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QH Natural history Mat, Khairiyah Abdul Kari, Zulhisyam Rusli, Nor Dini Che Harun, Hasnita Lee, Seong Wei Rahman, Mohammad Mijanur Mohd. Khalid, Hazreen Nita Mohd. Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim Mohamad Sukri, Suniza Anis Raja Khalif, Raja Ili Airina Mohd. Zin, Zamzahaila Mohd. Zaino, Mohamad Khairi Panadi, Mira Mohd. Nor, Mohamad Faiz Goh, Khang Wen Coconut Palm: Food, feed, and nutraceutical properties |
| description |
The price of traditional sources of nutrients used in animal feed rations is increasing steeply in developed countries due to their scarcity, high demand from humans for the same food items, and expensive costs of raw materials. Thus, one of the alternative sources is coconut parts or coconut as a whole fruit. Coconut is known as the ‘tree of abundance’, ‘tree of heaven’, and ‘tree of life’ owing to its numerous uses, becoming a very important tree in tropical areas for its provision of food, employment, and business opportunities to millions of people. Coconut contains a rich profile of macro and micronutrients that vary depending on the parts and how they are used. It is frequently chosen as an alternative source of protein and fiber. Its uses as an antibacterial agent, immunomodulant, and antioxidant further increase its importance. Using coconut oil in ruminant feed helps to minimize methane gas emissions by 18–30%, and to reduce dry matter intake up to 4.2 kg/d. The aquaculture sectors also use coconut palm as an alternative source because it significantly improves the digestion, growth, lipid metabolism, health, and antioxidative responses. However, coconut is not widely used in poultry diets although it has adequate amount of protein and carbohydrate due to anti-nutritional factors such cellulose (13%), galactomannan (61%), and mannan (26%). This review considered the importance and potential of coconut usage as an alternative ingredient in feed and supplements in various livestock sectors as it has plentiful nutrients and functional qualities, simultaneously leading to reduced feed cost and enhanced production. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Mat, Khairiyah Abdul Kari, Zulhisyam Rusli, Nor Dini Che Harun, Hasnita Lee, Seong Wei Rahman, Mohammad Mijanur Mohd. Khalid, Hazreen Nita Mohd. Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim Mohamad Sukri, Suniza Anis Raja Khalif, Raja Ili Airina Mohd. Zin, Zamzahaila Mohd. Zaino, Mohamad Khairi Panadi, Mira Mohd. Nor, Mohamad Faiz Goh, Khang Wen |
| author_facet |
Mat, Khairiyah Abdul Kari, Zulhisyam Rusli, Nor Dini Che Harun, Hasnita Lee, Seong Wei Rahman, Mohammad Mijanur Mohd. Khalid, Hazreen Nita Mohd. Ali Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim Mohamad Sukri, Suniza Anis Raja Khalif, Raja Ili Airina Mohd. Zin, Zamzahaila Mohd. Zaino, Mohamad Khairi Panadi, Mira Mohd. Nor, Mohamad Faiz Goh, Khang Wen |
| author_sort |
Mat, Khairiyah |
| title |
Coconut Palm: Food, feed, and nutraceutical properties |
| title_short |
Coconut Palm: Food, feed, and nutraceutical properties |
| title_full |
Coconut Palm: Food, feed, and nutraceutical properties |
| title_fullStr |
Coconut Palm: Food, feed, and nutraceutical properties |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Coconut Palm: Food, feed, and nutraceutical properties |
| title_sort |
coconut palm: food, feed, and nutraceutical properties |
| publisher |
MDPI |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| url |
http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100796/1/MiraPanadi2022_CoconutPalmFoodFeedandNutraceuticalProperties.pdf http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/100796/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12162107 |
| _version_ |
1765296703346311168 |
| score |
13.211869 |