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Modeling of electromagnetic wave penetration in a human head due to emissions from cellular phone

Nowadays, cellular phone becomes a necessity for human being due to its mobility, small size and useful applications provided in the chip. In a long term use, the user will be exposed to the high frequency EM radiation that possibly causes serious illnesses such as alzheimer and brain cancer. Inc...

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Main Author: Ismail, Nurulhuda
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
English
Published: 2007
Subjects:
QC Physics
QC501-766 Electricity and magnetism
Online Access:http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/1/24p%20NURULHUDA%20ISMAIL.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/2/NURULHUDA%20ISMAIL%20COPYIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/3/NURULHUDA%20ISMAIL%20WATERMARK.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/
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spelling my.uthm.eprints.71002022-06-08T02:06:23Z http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/ Modeling of electromagnetic wave penetration in a human head due to emissions from cellular phone Ismail, Nurulhuda QC Physics QC501-766 Electricity and magnetism Nowadays, cellular phone becomes a necessity for human being due to its mobility, small size and useful applications provided in the chip. In a long term use, the user will be exposed to the high frequency EM radiation that possibly causes serious illnesses such as alzheimer and brain cancer. Increasing exposure from this radiation is a growing concern for the community to investigate the effects of the emissions to human health. While cellular phone is in used, the energy is transferred from the applied electric field to the human head in the form of kinetic energy of charged particles. The rate of change of the energy transferred is called the absorbed power or Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). SAR values are of key importance when validating possible health hazard and these values are compared with a safety limit set by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, ICNIRP to ensure that the phone is safe to use. In this study, Finite Difference Frequency Domain (FDFD) technique was used to evaluate the electric field and SAR distribution in a human head due to the emissions from cellular phone that operates at 900 MHz. The numerical results were compared with the CST Microwave Studio software which is based on FDTD method. The results demonstrated that FDFD is not an efficient method to evaluate E field and SAR due to its limitation and imperfect boundary condition. On the other hand, the CST Microwave Studio results show that magnitude of EM field decreases exponentially with the penetration distance at a rate specified by the attenuation constant, a. Besides, the SAR is affected by operational frequency of the phone and the electrical properties of human head. Since FDFD technique can work only for 2D models, it is recommended that a fast and efficient numerical technique need to be studied for 3D human head model and an experimental technique on SAR distribution needs to be done to validate the results from simulation technique. 2007-05 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/1/24p%20NURULHUDA%20ISMAIL.pdf text en http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/2/NURULHUDA%20ISMAIL%20COPYIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf text en http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/3/NURULHUDA%20ISMAIL%20WATERMARK.pdf Ismail, Nurulhuda (2007) Modeling of electromagnetic wave penetration in a human head due to emissions from cellular phone. Masters thesis, Universiti Tun Hussein Malaysia.
institution Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
building UTHM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
content_source UTHM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/
language English
English
English
topic QC Physics
QC501-766 Electricity and magnetism
spellingShingle QC Physics
QC501-766 Electricity and magnetism
Ismail, Nurulhuda
Modeling of electromagnetic wave penetration in a human head due to emissions from cellular phone
description Nowadays, cellular phone becomes a necessity for human being due to its mobility, small size and useful applications provided in the chip. In a long term use, the user will be exposed to the high frequency EM radiation that possibly causes serious illnesses such as alzheimer and brain cancer. Increasing exposure from this radiation is a growing concern for the community to investigate the effects of the emissions to human health. While cellular phone is in used, the energy is transferred from the applied electric field to the human head in the form of kinetic energy of charged particles. The rate of change of the energy transferred is called the absorbed power or Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). SAR values are of key importance when validating possible health hazard and these values are compared with a safety limit set by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, ICNIRP to ensure that the phone is safe to use. In this study, Finite Difference Frequency Domain (FDFD) technique was used to evaluate the electric field and SAR distribution in a human head due to the emissions from cellular phone that operates at 900 MHz. The numerical results were compared with the CST Microwave Studio software which is based on FDTD method. The results demonstrated that FDFD is not an efficient method to evaluate E field and SAR due to its limitation and imperfect boundary condition. On the other hand, the CST Microwave Studio results show that magnitude of EM field decreases exponentially with the penetration distance at a rate specified by the attenuation constant, a. Besides, the SAR is affected by operational frequency of the phone and the electrical properties of human head. Since FDFD technique can work only for 2D models, it is recommended that a fast and efficient numerical technique need to be studied for 3D human head model and an experimental technique on SAR distribution needs to be done to validate the results from simulation technique.
format Thesis
author Ismail, Nurulhuda
author_facet Ismail, Nurulhuda
author_sort Ismail, Nurulhuda
title Modeling of electromagnetic wave penetration in a human head due to emissions from cellular phone
title_short Modeling of electromagnetic wave penetration in a human head due to emissions from cellular phone
title_full Modeling of electromagnetic wave penetration in a human head due to emissions from cellular phone
title_fullStr Modeling of electromagnetic wave penetration in a human head due to emissions from cellular phone
title_full_unstemmed Modeling of electromagnetic wave penetration in a human head due to emissions from cellular phone
title_sort modeling of electromagnetic wave penetration in a human head due to emissions from cellular phone
publishDate 2007
url http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/1/24p%20NURULHUDA%20ISMAIL.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/2/NURULHUDA%20ISMAIL%20COPYIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/3/NURULHUDA%20ISMAIL%20WATERMARK.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7100/
_version_ 1738581576219885568
score 13.211869

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