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Treatment of natural rubber wastewater using oil palm empty fruit bunch, kaolin and zeolite as composite adsorbent

The development of composite adsorbents is a new technique applied in wastewater treatment. A combination of few absorbents is proven to be capable of removing pollutants simultaneously compared to a single adsorbent. Thus, the aim of this study is to produce a composite adsorbent from natural ze...

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Main Author: Nasir, Nazlizan
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
English
Published: 2018
Subjects:
TD201-500 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes
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http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/237/
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institution Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
building UTHM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
content_source UTHM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/
language English
English
English
topic TD201-500 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes
spellingShingle TD201-500 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes
Nasir, Nazlizan
Treatment of natural rubber wastewater using oil palm empty fruit bunch, kaolin and zeolite as composite adsorbent
description The development of composite adsorbents is a new technique applied in wastewater treatment. A combination of few absorbents is proven to be capable of removing pollutants simultaneously compared to a single adsorbent. Thus, the aim of this study is to produce a composite adsorbent from natural zeolite, oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and kaolin bound to chitosan to adsorb colour, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) from natural rubber wastewater. Batch and fixedbed adsorption techniques were used in this study. The combination ratio of zeolite, EFB and kaolin as a composite was optimised using D-optimal mixture design (DMD) while the characterization of composite adsorbents was done using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) and zeta potential. Batch experiments were carried out to determine the influence of various factors namely adsorbent dosage, pH, shaking speed and contact time of adsorption colour, COD and NH3-N on the composite adsorbent. Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to investigate isotherm adsorption while pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, intra-particle diffusion and Elovich were used to examine kinetic behaviour. The fixed-bed adsorption performances were evaluated by varying the influent flow rate (2, 2.5 and 3 mL/min) while the adsorption kinetics was analysed using Thomas, Yoon-Nelson and Adam-Bohart kinetic models. The regeneration of the composite adsorbent for up to five adsorption/desorption cycles was also investigated. According to the results, the composition of 0.4g zeolite, 0.8g EFB and 0.8g kaolin was the best ratio in terms of colour, COD and NH3-N removal from natural rubber wastewater. FTIR and FESEM analyses before and after adsorption revealed that ion exchange was the main mechanism involved. The BET surface area of the composite adsorbent was 55.30 m2/g. Meanwhile, negative values of zeta potential showed promising results for the adsorption process. The best conditions for the effective adsorption of colour, COD and NH3-N from natural rubber wastewater onto composite adsorbents were found to be 3g of adsorbent pH 7, 150 rpm shaking speed and 100 min contact time. The maximum removal of color, COD and NH3-N using composite adsorbents from natural rubber wastewater was 98%, 87.2% and 94.2% respectively. The investigation of adsorption isotherms model showed that the adsorption isotherm data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm. This indicated that the monolayer coverage on the composite adsorbent was dominant. On the other hand, the adsorption kinetics complied well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model which indicated that the rate of the sorption reaction was controlled by the second-order mechanism (chemisorption). Column adsorption demonstrated that the removal of colour, COD and NH3-N can reach up to 99.99% at a lower flow rate of 2 ml/min which results in a longer breakthrough and exhaustion time. Meanwhile, the experiment data was found to comply well with the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson model rather compared to the Adam-Bohart model. The regeneration study achieved three (3) adsorption cycles of the spent composite adsorbent. In conclusion, the present study was able to prove that composite adsorbent is a promising adsorbent for the removal of colour, COD and NH3-N from natural rubber wastewater.
format Thesis
author Nasir, Nazlizan
author_facet Nasir, Nazlizan
author_sort Nasir, Nazlizan
title Treatment of natural rubber wastewater using oil palm empty fruit bunch, kaolin and zeolite as composite adsorbent
title_short Treatment of natural rubber wastewater using oil palm empty fruit bunch, kaolin and zeolite as composite adsorbent
title_full Treatment of natural rubber wastewater using oil palm empty fruit bunch, kaolin and zeolite as composite adsorbent
title_fullStr Treatment of natural rubber wastewater using oil palm empty fruit bunch, kaolin and zeolite as composite adsorbent
title_full_unstemmed Treatment of natural rubber wastewater using oil palm empty fruit bunch, kaolin and zeolite as composite adsorbent
title_sort treatment of natural rubber wastewater using oil palm empty fruit bunch, kaolin and zeolite as composite adsorbent
publishDate 2018
url http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/237/1/NAZLIZAN%20NASIR%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/237/2/24p%20NAZLIZAN%20NASIR.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/237/3/NAZLIZAN%20NASIR%20WATERMARK.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/237/
_version_ 1738580711633321984
spelling my.uthm.eprints.2372021-07-13T03:19:20Z http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/237/ Treatment of natural rubber wastewater using oil palm empty fruit bunch, kaolin and zeolite as composite adsorbent Nasir, Nazlizan TD201-500 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes The development of composite adsorbents is a new technique applied in wastewater treatment. A combination of few absorbents is proven to be capable of removing pollutants simultaneously compared to a single adsorbent. Thus, the aim of this study is to produce a composite adsorbent from natural zeolite, oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and kaolin bound to chitosan to adsorb colour, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) from natural rubber wastewater. Batch and fixedbed adsorption techniques were used in this study. The combination ratio of zeolite, EFB and kaolin as a composite was optimised using D-optimal mixture design (DMD) while the characterization of composite adsorbents was done using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) and zeta potential. Batch experiments were carried out to determine the influence of various factors namely adsorbent dosage, pH, shaking speed and contact time of adsorption colour, COD and NH3-N on the composite adsorbent. Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to investigate isotherm adsorption while pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, intra-particle diffusion and Elovich were used to examine kinetic behaviour. The fixed-bed adsorption performances were evaluated by varying the influent flow rate (2, 2.5 and 3 mL/min) while the adsorption kinetics was analysed using Thomas, Yoon-Nelson and Adam-Bohart kinetic models. The regeneration of the composite adsorbent for up to five adsorption/desorption cycles was also investigated. According to the results, the composition of 0.4g zeolite, 0.8g EFB and 0.8g kaolin was the best ratio in terms of colour, COD and NH3-N removal from natural rubber wastewater. FTIR and FESEM analyses before and after adsorption revealed that ion exchange was the main mechanism involved. The BET surface area of the composite adsorbent was 55.30 m2/g. Meanwhile, negative values of zeta potential showed promising results for the adsorption process. The best conditions for the effective adsorption of colour, COD and NH3-N from natural rubber wastewater onto composite adsorbents were found to be 3g of adsorbent pH 7, 150 rpm shaking speed and 100 min contact time. The maximum removal of color, COD and NH3-N using composite adsorbents from natural rubber wastewater was 98%, 87.2% and 94.2% respectively. The investigation of adsorption isotherms model showed that the adsorption isotherm data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm. This indicated that the monolayer coverage on the composite adsorbent was dominant. On the other hand, the adsorption kinetics complied well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model which indicated that the rate of the sorption reaction was controlled by the second-order mechanism (chemisorption). Column adsorption demonstrated that the removal of colour, COD and NH3-N can reach up to 99.99% at a lower flow rate of 2 ml/min which results in a longer breakthrough and exhaustion time. Meanwhile, the experiment data was found to comply well with the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson model rather compared to the Adam-Bohart model. The regeneration study achieved three (3) adsorption cycles of the spent composite adsorbent. In conclusion, the present study was able to prove that composite adsorbent is a promising adsorbent for the removal of colour, COD and NH3-N from natural rubber wastewater. 2018-04 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/237/1/NAZLIZAN%20NASIR%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf text en http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/237/2/24p%20NAZLIZAN%20NASIR.pdf text en http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/237/3/NAZLIZAN%20NASIR%20WATERMARK.pdf Nasir, Nazlizan (2018) Treatment of natural rubber wastewater using oil palm empty fruit bunch, kaolin and zeolite as composite adsorbent. Doctoral thesis, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.
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