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CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN BRICK AND ITS IMPACT ON GAS EMISSIONS AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY

As the production of sewage sludge waste has increased, sewage sludge disposal has become a critical concern. The increase in sludge waste will have a substantial effect on energy conservation and the environment. From a recycling perspective, the conversion of sewage sludge into construction materi...

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Main Authors: ABDUL SALIM, Nurul Salhana, ABDUL KADIR, Aeslina, MOHAMED NOOR, Norazian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IJCS 2023
Subjects:
T Technology (General)
Online Access:http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/10535/1/J16240_1c9f67f087c89d9adab96fd7eccdf3f7.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/10535/
https://doi.org/10.36868/IJCS.2023.02.18
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spelling my.uthm.eprints.105352024-01-03T01:35:31Z http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/10535/ CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN BRICK AND ITS IMPACT ON GAS EMISSIONS AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY ABDUL SALIM, Nurul Salhana ABDUL KADIR, Aeslina MOHAMED NOOR, Norazian T Technology (General) As the production of sewage sludge waste has increased, sewage sludge disposal has become a critical concern. The increase in sludge waste will have a substantial effect on energy conservation and the environment. From a recycling perspective, the conversion of sewage sludge into construction materials is considered a rational solution. By incorporating the sewage sludge into fired clay bricks, it is expected to conserve non-renewable resources, be cost-effective, and minimise the quantity of sludge waste disposed in landfills. However, the application might pose a threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, this research focus on the investigation of pollutant gases during the firing process and the indoor air quality of the manufactured fired clay brick incorporated with sewage sludge. The bricks were incorporated with two types of sewage sludge (0% and 5%), fired at 1050ºC with 1ºC/min as its heating rate. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) test was conducted to determine the characteristics of the sewage sludge and clay soil. The gas emissions measured during the firing process include carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NO), and sulphur oxide (SO2). As for the Indoor Air Quality, the measured gas emissions were total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), formaldehyde (HCHO), and particulate matter (PM10). All the gases were compared with Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality requirement standard. The results show that the incorporation of 5% sewage sludge into fired clay brick complied with the standard requirement for building material usage with no negative effect towards the environment. IJCS 2023 Article PeerReviewed text en http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/10535/1/J16240_1c9f67f087c89d9adab96fd7eccdf3f7.pdf ABDUL SALIM, Nurul Salhana and ABDUL KADIR, Aeslina and MOHAMED NOOR, Norazian (2023) CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN BRICK AND ITS IMPACT ON GAS EMISSIONS AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSERVATION SCIENCE, 14 (2). pp. 649-662. ISSN 2067-533X https://doi.org/10.36868/IJCS.2023.02.18
institution Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
building UTHM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
content_source UTHM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/
language English
topic T Technology (General)
spellingShingle T Technology (General)
ABDUL SALIM, Nurul Salhana
ABDUL KADIR, Aeslina
MOHAMED NOOR, Norazian
CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN BRICK AND ITS IMPACT ON GAS EMISSIONS AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY
description As the production of sewage sludge waste has increased, sewage sludge disposal has become a critical concern. The increase in sludge waste will have a substantial effect on energy conservation and the environment. From a recycling perspective, the conversion of sewage sludge into construction materials is considered a rational solution. By incorporating the sewage sludge into fired clay bricks, it is expected to conserve non-renewable resources, be cost-effective, and minimise the quantity of sludge waste disposed in landfills. However, the application might pose a threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, this research focus on the investigation of pollutant gases during the firing process and the indoor air quality of the manufactured fired clay brick incorporated with sewage sludge. The bricks were incorporated with two types of sewage sludge (0% and 5%), fired at 1050ºC with 1ºC/min as its heating rate. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) test was conducted to determine the characteristics of the sewage sludge and clay soil. The gas emissions measured during the firing process include carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NO), and sulphur oxide (SO2). As for the Indoor Air Quality, the measured gas emissions were total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), formaldehyde (HCHO), and particulate matter (PM10). All the gases were compared with Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality requirement standard. The results show that the incorporation of 5% sewage sludge into fired clay brick complied with the standard requirement for building material usage with no negative effect towards the environment.
format Article
author ABDUL SALIM, Nurul Salhana
ABDUL KADIR, Aeslina
MOHAMED NOOR, Norazian
author_facet ABDUL SALIM, Nurul Salhana
ABDUL KADIR, Aeslina
MOHAMED NOOR, Norazian
author_sort ABDUL SALIM, Nurul Salhana
title CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN BRICK AND ITS IMPACT ON GAS EMISSIONS AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY
title_short CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN BRICK AND ITS IMPACT ON GAS EMISSIONS AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY
title_full CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN BRICK AND ITS IMPACT ON GAS EMISSIONS AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY
title_fullStr CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN BRICK AND ITS IMPACT ON GAS EMISSIONS AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY
title_full_unstemmed CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN BRICK AND ITS IMPACT ON GAS EMISSIONS AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY
title_sort conservation of natural resources: utilization of sewage sludge in brick and its impact on gas emissions and indoor air quality
publisher IJCS
publishDate 2023
url http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/10535/1/J16240_1c9f67f087c89d9adab96fd7eccdf3f7.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/10535/
https://doi.org/10.36868/IJCS.2023.02.18
_version_ 1787137850077085696
score 13.211869

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