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Indoor Air Concentration From Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printer Using Virgin Polyamide Nylon (PA12) Powder: A Pilot Study

Environmental emissions from additive manufacturing (AM) have attracted much attention recently. The capability in fabricating complex part make AM famous in developing prototype and product in various industries,especially in aerospace, medical, automotive, and manufacturin...

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Main Authors: Muhamad Damanhuri, Amir Abdullah, Hariri, Azian, Alkahari, Mohd Rizal, Md Fauadi, Muhammad Hafidz Fazli, Zainal Bakri, Siti Farhana
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Penerbit UTHM 2019
Online Access:http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24489/2/INDOOR-AIR-CONCENTRATION-FROM-SELECTIVE-LASER-SINTERING-3D-PRINTER-USING-VIRGIN-POLYAMIDE-NYLON-PA12-POWDER-A-PILOT-STUDY2019INTERNATIONAL-JOURNAL-OF-INTEGRATED-ENGINEERINGOPEN-ACCESS.PDF
http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24489/
https://publisher.uthm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/ijie/article/view/4608/3041
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spelling my.utem.eprints.244892020-12-07T15:02:19Z http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24489/ Indoor Air Concentration From Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printer Using Virgin Polyamide Nylon (PA12) Powder: A Pilot Study Muhamad Damanhuri, Amir Abdullah Hariri, Azian Alkahari, Mohd Rizal Md Fauadi, Muhammad Hafidz Fazli Zainal Bakri, Siti Farhana Environmental emissions from additive manufacturing (AM) have attracted much attention recently. The capability in fabricating complex part make AM famous in developing prototype and product in various industries,especially in aerospace, medical, automotive, and manufacturing industries. However, the study on emission and exposure mainly focusses on the desktop type such as fused deposition modelling. This study investigates the emission and indoor concentration from powder bed fusion of selective laser sintering (SLS) technologies. Prior to the investigation, virgin PA12 has under gone characterization in terms of morphology, size and thermal analysis. Calibration block using virgin polyamide nylon (PA12) is selected to be printed in this study.Parameters such particulate matter size 2.5 μm (PM 2.5), total volatile organic compound (TVOC), carbon dioxide (CO2), formaldehyde, temperature and relative humidity (RH) are set to be monitored through real-time sampling of 8 hours based on Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality 2010 by Department Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Malaysia. Four phases of the printing process involve are background data, preprinting, during printing and post-printing.Based on the study it was found that PM 2.5 and CO2 exceed the acceptable limit recommended by DOSH Malaysia during the preparation of powder (preprinting) at 1218 ppmand 1070 μg/m3respectively. Meanwhile TVOC concentration was influenced by the sintered powder temperature and recorded at 0.5 ppm. Temperature, relative humidity and formaldehyde were maintained throughout the SLS process. Mitigation strategies using mechanical ventilation and personal protective equipment (PPE) are recommended to be used to reduce the potential of occupational hazard to the operators. Penerbit UTHM 2019 Article PeerReviewed text en http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24489/2/INDOOR-AIR-CONCENTRATION-FROM-SELECTIVE-LASER-SINTERING-3D-PRINTER-USING-VIRGIN-POLYAMIDE-NYLON-PA12-POWDER-A-PILOT-STUDY2019INTERNATIONAL-JOURNAL-OF-INTEGRATED-ENGINEERINGOPEN-ACCESS.PDF Muhamad Damanhuri, Amir Abdullah and Hariri, Azian and Alkahari, Mohd Rizal and Md Fauadi, Muhammad Hafidz Fazli and Zainal Bakri, Siti Farhana (2019) Indoor Air Concentration From Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printer Using Virgin Polyamide Nylon (PA12) Powder: A Pilot Study. International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 11 (5). pp. 140-149. ISSN 2229-838X https://publisher.uthm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/ijie/article/view/4608/3041 10.30880/ijie.2019.11.05.019
institution Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
building UTEM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
content_source UTEM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utem.edu.my/
language English
description Environmental emissions from additive manufacturing (AM) have attracted much attention recently. The capability in fabricating complex part make AM famous in developing prototype and product in various industries,especially in aerospace, medical, automotive, and manufacturing industries. However, the study on emission and exposure mainly focusses on the desktop type such as fused deposition modelling. This study investigates the emission and indoor concentration from powder bed fusion of selective laser sintering (SLS) technologies. Prior to the investigation, virgin PA12 has under gone characterization in terms of morphology, size and thermal analysis. Calibration block using virgin polyamide nylon (PA12) is selected to be printed in this study.Parameters such particulate matter size 2.5 μm (PM 2.5), total volatile organic compound (TVOC), carbon dioxide (CO2), formaldehyde, temperature and relative humidity (RH) are set to be monitored through real-time sampling of 8 hours based on Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality 2010 by Department Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Malaysia. Four phases of the printing process involve are background data, preprinting, during printing and post-printing.Based on the study it was found that PM 2.5 and CO2 exceed the acceptable limit recommended by DOSH Malaysia during the preparation of powder (preprinting) at 1218 ppmand 1070 μg/m3respectively. Meanwhile TVOC concentration was influenced by the sintered powder temperature and recorded at 0.5 ppm. Temperature, relative humidity and formaldehyde were maintained throughout the SLS process. Mitigation strategies using mechanical ventilation and personal protective equipment (PPE) are recommended to be used to reduce the potential of occupational hazard to the operators.
format Article
author Muhamad Damanhuri, Amir Abdullah
Hariri, Azian
Alkahari, Mohd Rizal
Md Fauadi, Muhammad Hafidz Fazli
Zainal Bakri, Siti Farhana
spellingShingle Muhamad Damanhuri, Amir Abdullah
Hariri, Azian
Alkahari, Mohd Rizal
Md Fauadi, Muhammad Hafidz Fazli
Zainal Bakri, Siti Farhana
Indoor Air Concentration From Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printer Using Virgin Polyamide Nylon (PA12) Powder: A Pilot Study
author_facet Muhamad Damanhuri, Amir Abdullah
Hariri, Azian
Alkahari, Mohd Rizal
Md Fauadi, Muhammad Hafidz Fazli
Zainal Bakri, Siti Farhana
author_sort Muhamad Damanhuri, Amir Abdullah
title Indoor Air Concentration From Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printer Using Virgin Polyamide Nylon (PA12) Powder: A Pilot Study
title_short Indoor Air Concentration From Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printer Using Virgin Polyamide Nylon (PA12) Powder: A Pilot Study
title_full Indoor Air Concentration From Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printer Using Virgin Polyamide Nylon (PA12) Powder: A Pilot Study
title_fullStr Indoor Air Concentration From Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printer Using Virgin Polyamide Nylon (PA12) Powder: A Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed Indoor Air Concentration From Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printer Using Virgin Polyamide Nylon (PA12) Powder: A Pilot Study
title_sort indoor air concentration from selective laser sintering 3d printer using virgin polyamide nylon (pa12) powder: a pilot study
publisher Penerbit UTHM
publishDate 2019
url http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24489/2/INDOOR-AIR-CONCENTRATION-FROM-SELECTIVE-LASER-SINTERING-3D-PRINTER-USING-VIRGIN-POLYAMIDE-NYLON-PA12-POWDER-A-PILOT-STUDY2019INTERNATIONAL-JOURNAL-OF-INTEGRATED-ENGINEERINGOPEN-ACCESS.PDF
http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/24489/
https://publisher.uthm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/ijie/article/view/4608/3041
_version_ 1687397240549670912
score 13.211869

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