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Influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis

Biochar samples were produced from rubber wood sawdust (RWSD), which is a by-product from sawmills, via slow pyrolysis. Biochar is a potential additive for agricultural soil as a soil amendment and for agronomics. The approach proposed in the current study considers the effects of heating temperatur...

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Main Authors: Se, Sian Meng, Shaaban, Azizah, Dimin @ Mohd Amin, Mohd Fairuz, Mohamad Juoi, Jariah, Mohd Husin, Mohd Haizal, Mitan, Nona Merry Merpati
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier B.V. 2014
Subjects:
S Agriculture (General)
Online Access:http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/11280/4/Influence%20of%20heating%20temperature%20and%20holding%20time%20on%20biochars%20derived%20from%20rubber%20wood%20sawdust%20via%20slow%20pyrolysis.pdf
http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/11280/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165237014000230
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spelling my.utem.eprints.112802023-07-26T14:29:49Z http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/11280/ Influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis Se, Sian Meng Shaaban, Azizah Dimin @ Mohd Amin, Mohd Fairuz Mohamad Juoi, Jariah Mohd Husin, Mohd Haizal Mitan, Nona Merry Merpati S Agriculture (General) Biochar samples were produced from rubber wood sawdust (RWSD), which is a by-product from sawmills, via slow pyrolysis. Biochar is a potential additive for agricultural soil as a soil amendment and for agronomics. The approach proposed in the current study considers the effects of heating temperature and holding time on the surface functional groups and morphologies of RWSD-derived biochars. The pyrolysis was performed in a vertical tube furnace heated at 5 °C/min from room temperature to maximum heating temperatures of 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C and 700 °C under nitrogen gas purging at a rate of 30 ml/min. Two sets of biochars were produced with holding times of (i) 1 h and (ii) 3 h. Proximate and ultimate analyses were performed on the raw RWSD using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and carbon–hydrogen–nitrogen (CHN) elemental analysis. The influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochar surface functional groups and porosities was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Boehm titration, pH alkalinity, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX) spectrocopy. The FT-IR spectra indicated the presence of acidic functional groups, such as carboxylic, phenolic and lactonic groups, and these groups were quantified by Boehm titration. The number of acidic functional groups decreased as the heating temperature and holding time increased. The maximum amount of acidic functional groups was determined to be 1.9 mmol/g at 300 °C for a 1-h holding time compared to 1.3 mmol/g for a 3-h holding time and 1.0 mmol/g with a 1-h holding time at 700 °C. All of the biochars produced at heating temperatures above 400 °C were alkaline, and the pH value increased as the heating temperature and holding time increased. The biochar produced at 300 °C with a 1-h holding time had a pH of 6.72 and the sample produced with a 3-h holding time had a pH of 7.67. In addition, the sample produced when the temperature was increased to 700 °C with a 1-h holding time had a pH of 11.44. The BET surface area analysis reported maximum values of 5.49 m2/g, and the total pore volume was 0.0097 cm3/g at a heating temperature of 700 °C with a 3-h holding time. SEM micrographs clearly showed the development of well-defined pores in the biochars, and the SEM–EDX spectra indicated localised carbon and oxygen content in all the samples. The results indicated that biochars produced from RWSD are potentially beneficial as soil amendments. However, an extensive study of biochar sustainability is worth investigating. Elsevier B.V. 2014-01 Article PeerReviewed text en http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/11280/4/Influence%20of%20heating%20temperature%20and%20holding%20time%20on%20biochars%20derived%20from%20rubber%20wood%20sawdust%20via%20slow%20pyrolysis.pdf Se, Sian Meng and Shaaban, Azizah and Dimin @ Mohd Amin, Mohd Fairuz and Mohamad Juoi, Jariah and Mohd Husin, Mohd Haizal and Mitan, Nona Merry Merpati (2014) Influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 107. pp. 31-39. ISSN 0165-2370 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165237014000230 10.1016/j.jaap.2014.01.021
institution Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
building UTEM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
content_source UTEM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.utem.edu.my/
language English
topic S Agriculture (General)
spellingShingle S Agriculture (General)
Se, Sian Meng
Shaaban, Azizah
Dimin @ Mohd Amin, Mohd Fairuz
Mohamad Juoi, Jariah
Mohd Husin, Mohd Haizal
Mitan, Nona Merry Merpati
Influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis
description Biochar samples were produced from rubber wood sawdust (RWSD), which is a by-product from sawmills, via slow pyrolysis. Biochar is a potential additive for agricultural soil as a soil amendment and for agronomics. The approach proposed in the current study considers the effects of heating temperature and holding time on the surface functional groups and morphologies of RWSD-derived biochars. The pyrolysis was performed in a vertical tube furnace heated at 5 °C/min from room temperature to maximum heating temperatures of 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C and 700 °C under nitrogen gas purging at a rate of 30 ml/min. Two sets of biochars were produced with holding times of (i) 1 h and (ii) 3 h. Proximate and ultimate analyses were performed on the raw RWSD using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and carbon–hydrogen–nitrogen (CHN) elemental analysis. The influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochar surface functional groups and porosities was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Boehm titration, pH alkalinity, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX) spectrocopy. The FT-IR spectra indicated the presence of acidic functional groups, such as carboxylic, phenolic and lactonic groups, and these groups were quantified by Boehm titration. The number of acidic functional groups decreased as the heating temperature and holding time increased. The maximum amount of acidic functional groups was determined to be 1.9 mmol/g at 300 °C for a 1-h holding time compared to 1.3 mmol/g for a 3-h holding time and 1.0 mmol/g with a 1-h holding time at 700 °C. All of the biochars produced at heating temperatures above 400 °C were alkaline, and the pH value increased as the heating temperature and holding time increased. The biochar produced at 300 °C with a 1-h holding time had a pH of 6.72 and the sample produced with a 3-h holding time had a pH of 7.67. In addition, the sample produced when the temperature was increased to 700 °C with a 1-h holding time had a pH of 11.44. The BET surface area analysis reported maximum values of 5.49 m2/g, and the total pore volume was 0.0097 cm3/g at a heating temperature of 700 °C with a 3-h holding time. SEM micrographs clearly showed the development of well-defined pores in the biochars, and the SEM–EDX spectra indicated localised carbon and oxygen content in all the samples. The results indicated that biochars produced from RWSD are potentially beneficial as soil amendments. However, an extensive study of biochar sustainability is worth investigating.
format Article
author Se, Sian Meng
Shaaban, Azizah
Dimin @ Mohd Amin, Mohd Fairuz
Mohamad Juoi, Jariah
Mohd Husin, Mohd Haizal
Mitan, Nona Merry Merpati
author_facet Se, Sian Meng
Shaaban, Azizah
Dimin @ Mohd Amin, Mohd Fairuz
Mohamad Juoi, Jariah
Mohd Husin, Mohd Haizal
Mitan, Nona Merry Merpati
author_sort Se, Sian Meng
title Influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis
title_short Influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis
title_full Influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis
title_fullStr Influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis
title_full_unstemmed Influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis
title_sort influence of heating temperature and holding time on biochars derived from rubber wood sawdust via slow pyrolysis
publisher Elsevier B.V.
publishDate 2014
url http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/11280/4/Influence%20of%20heating%20temperature%20and%20holding%20time%20on%20biochars%20derived%20from%20rubber%20wood%20sawdust%20via%20slow%20pyrolysis.pdf
http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/11280/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165237014000230
_version_ 1772815982466695168
score 13.211869

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