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Preparation And Characterization Of Superhydrophobic Membrane For Desalination Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation

Saline water is the surface water that contains various types of impurities or contaminants. Wastewater also contributes high salinity to the surface water. Therefore, prior treatment of saline water is crucial in sustaining water quality. In this research study, the treatment of saline water is p...

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Main Author: Nagarajah, Mohaaneesh
Format: Monograph
Language:English
Published: Universiti Sains Malaysia 2018
Subjects:
T Technology
TP Chemical Technology
Online Access:http://eprints.usm.my/54041/1/Preparation%20And%20Characterization%20Of%20Superhydrophobic%20Membrane%20For%20Desalination%20Using%20Direct%20Contact%20Membrane%20Distillation_Mohaaneesh%20Nagarajah_K4_2018.pdf
http://eprints.usm.my/54041/
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spelling my.usm.eprints.54041 http://eprints.usm.my/54041/ Preparation And Characterization Of Superhydrophobic Membrane For Desalination Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation Nagarajah, Mohaaneesh T Technology TP Chemical Technology Saline water is the surface water that contains various types of impurities or contaminants. Wastewater also contributes high salinity to the surface water. Therefore, prior treatment of saline water is crucial in sustaining water quality. In this research study, the treatment of saline water is performed by carrying out direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) which is a thermally driven membrane separation process. A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) superhydrophobic membrane type is casted and modified with the addition of nanoparticles TiO2 and SiO2 in order to increase the membrane surface roughness and hydrophobicity. Silane grafting is also done on the membrane by using hexadecyltrimethoxysilane. The silane grafting was done by varying the silane to ethanol volume ratios of 1:25, 1:50, 1:100 and 1:200. Characterization such as water contact angle, liquid entry pressure (LEP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and porosity calculations were done. Based on the water contact angle, modified PVDF-SiO2 membrane with silane ratio 1:50 stated highest average contact angle compared to the other modified membranes which was 141.6°. Therefore, the PVDF-SiO2 (1:50) membrane was used to further perform membrane distillation using distilled water, NaCl solution of 1M concentration and oily NaCl solution. Although the membrane used is modified to almost superhydrophobic condition, however, the fouling phenomenon was still observed by plotting the flux against time curves for each membrane distillation experiments. Universiti Sains Malaysia 2018-06-01 Monograph NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.usm.my/54041/1/Preparation%20And%20Characterization%20Of%20Superhydrophobic%20Membrane%20For%20Desalination%20Using%20Direct%20Contact%20Membrane%20Distillation_Mohaaneesh%20Nagarajah_K4_2018.pdf Nagarajah, Mohaaneesh (2018) Preparation And Characterization Of Superhydrophobic Membrane For Desalination Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation. Project Report. Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia. (Submitted)
institution Universiti Sains Malaysia
building Hamzah Sendut Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Sains Malaysia
content_source USM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.usm.my/
language English
topic T Technology
TP Chemical Technology
spellingShingle T Technology
TP Chemical Technology
Nagarajah, Mohaaneesh
Preparation And Characterization Of Superhydrophobic Membrane For Desalination Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation
description Saline water is the surface water that contains various types of impurities or contaminants. Wastewater also contributes high salinity to the surface water. Therefore, prior treatment of saline water is crucial in sustaining water quality. In this research study, the treatment of saline water is performed by carrying out direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) which is a thermally driven membrane separation process. A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) superhydrophobic membrane type is casted and modified with the addition of nanoparticles TiO2 and SiO2 in order to increase the membrane surface roughness and hydrophobicity. Silane grafting is also done on the membrane by using hexadecyltrimethoxysilane. The silane grafting was done by varying the silane to ethanol volume ratios of 1:25, 1:50, 1:100 and 1:200. Characterization such as water contact angle, liquid entry pressure (LEP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and porosity calculations were done. Based on the water contact angle, modified PVDF-SiO2 membrane with silane ratio 1:50 stated highest average contact angle compared to the other modified membranes which was 141.6°. Therefore, the PVDF-SiO2 (1:50) membrane was used to further perform membrane distillation using distilled water, NaCl solution of 1M concentration and oily NaCl solution. Although the membrane used is modified to almost superhydrophobic condition, however, the fouling phenomenon was still observed by plotting the flux against time curves for each membrane distillation experiments.
format Monograph
author Nagarajah, Mohaaneesh
author_facet Nagarajah, Mohaaneesh
author_sort Nagarajah, Mohaaneesh
title Preparation And Characterization Of Superhydrophobic Membrane For Desalination Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation
title_short Preparation And Characterization Of Superhydrophobic Membrane For Desalination Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation
title_full Preparation And Characterization Of Superhydrophobic Membrane For Desalination Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation
title_fullStr Preparation And Characterization Of Superhydrophobic Membrane For Desalination Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation
title_full_unstemmed Preparation And Characterization Of Superhydrophobic Membrane For Desalination Using Direct Contact Membrane Distillation
title_sort preparation and characterization of superhydrophobic membrane for desalination using direct contact membrane distillation
publisher Universiti Sains Malaysia
publishDate 2018
url http://eprints.usm.my/54041/1/Preparation%20And%20Characterization%20Of%20Superhydrophobic%20Membrane%20For%20Desalination%20Using%20Direct%20Contact%20Membrane%20Distillation_Mohaaneesh%20Nagarajah_K4_2018.pdf
http://eprints.usm.my/54041/
_version_ 1743107777007452160
score 13.211869

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