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Silicoaluminophosphates Number 5 (Sapo-5) Zeolite Templated By Imidazolium Compounds As Catalyst For Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of 2-Methylfuran

Silicoaluminophosphate number 5 (SAPO-5) is one of the most extensively studied microporous solid due its application as commercial solid acid catalyst. However, its weak-to-mild acidity limits its catalytic activity in many industrially important organic reactions. The objective of this research is...

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Main Author: Auwal, Ismail Alhassan
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2021
Subjects:
QD1-65 General Including alchemy
Online Access:http://eprints.usm.my/51939/1/ISMAIL%20ALHASSAN%20AUWAL%20-%20TESIS.pdf
http://eprints.usm.my/51939/
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spelling my.usm.eprints.51939 http://eprints.usm.my/51939/ Silicoaluminophosphates Number 5 (Sapo-5) Zeolite Templated By Imidazolium Compounds As Catalyst For Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of 2-Methylfuran Auwal, Ismail Alhassan QD1-65 General Including alchemy Silicoaluminophosphate number 5 (SAPO-5) is one of the most extensively studied microporous solid due its application as commercial solid acid catalyst. However, its weak-to-mild acidity limits its catalytic activity in many industrially important organic reactions. The objective of this research is to synthesize SAPO-5 catalyst using new imidazolium-based structure-directing agents (SDAs) for producing furan-based biofuel via Friedel-Crafts acylation of 2-methylfuran with acetic anhydride. The study began with the synthesis of three types of imidazolium compounds bearing different functional groups, viz. 1-propyl-2,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazole-3-ium ([pmIm]+), 1-benzyl-2,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazole-3-ium ([bzmIm]+) and 3-(2,3-dihydroxypropy)-1,2-dimethylimidazolium ([dhmIm]+) to be used as SDAs to crystallize SAPO-5. The microscopic and spectroscopic analyses showed that the polarity and molecular geometry of imidazolium SDAs significantly governed the physicochemical properties of the resulting SAPO-5 products (e.g. porosity, surface area, particle size, and morphology). Among the SDAs, the [dhmIm]+, which has the highest hydrophilicity/polarity, demonstrated fastest crystallization rate of SAPO-5 due to its diol group that withdraw electron density from imidazolium ring, thereby increasing the templating effect. Next, the effects of each synthesis parameters (temperature, heating time, molar ratios of P2O5, [bzmIm]2O SDA, SiO2, and H2O) on the crystallization process is also investigated. The results indicate that the synthesis parameters influence the crystallization rate, purity, crystal size and morphology 2021-03 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.usm.my/51939/1/ISMAIL%20ALHASSAN%20AUWAL%20-%20TESIS.pdf Auwal, Ismail Alhassan (2021) Silicoaluminophosphates Number 5 (Sapo-5) Zeolite Templated By Imidazolium Compounds As Catalyst For Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of 2-Methylfuran. PhD thesis, Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut.
institution Universiti Sains Malaysia
building Hamzah Sendut Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Sains Malaysia
content_source USM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://eprints.usm.my/
language English
topic QD1-65 General Including alchemy
spellingShingle QD1-65 General Including alchemy
Auwal, Ismail Alhassan
Silicoaluminophosphates Number 5 (Sapo-5) Zeolite Templated By Imidazolium Compounds As Catalyst For Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of 2-Methylfuran
description Silicoaluminophosphate number 5 (SAPO-5) is one of the most extensively studied microporous solid due its application as commercial solid acid catalyst. However, its weak-to-mild acidity limits its catalytic activity in many industrially important organic reactions. The objective of this research is to synthesize SAPO-5 catalyst using new imidazolium-based structure-directing agents (SDAs) for producing furan-based biofuel via Friedel-Crafts acylation of 2-methylfuran with acetic anhydride. The study began with the synthesis of three types of imidazolium compounds bearing different functional groups, viz. 1-propyl-2,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazole-3-ium ([pmIm]+), 1-benzyl-2,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazole-3-ium ([bzmIm]+) and 3-(2,3-dihydroxypropy)-1,2-dimethylimidazolium ([dhmIm]+) to be used as SDAs to crystallize SAPO-5. The microscopic and spectroscopic analyses showed that the polarity and molecular geometry of imidazolium SDAs significantly governed the physicochemical properties of the resulting SAPO-5 products (e.g. porosity, surface area, particle size, and morphology). Among the SDAs, the [dhmIm]+, which has the highest hydrophilicity/polarity, demonstrated fastest crystallization rate of SAPO-5 due to its diol group that withdraw electron density from imidazolium ring, thereby increasing the templating effect. Next, the effects of each synthesis parameters (temperature, heating time, molar ratios of P2O5, [bzmIm]2O SDA, SiO2, and H2O) on the crystallization process is also investigated. The results indicate that the synthesis parameters influence the crystallization rate, purity, crystal size and morphology
format Thesis
author Auwal, Ismail Alhassan
author_facet Auwal, Ismail Alhassan
author_sort Auwal, Ismail Alhassan
title Silicoaluminophosphates Number 5 (Sapo-5) Zeolite Templated By Imidazolium Compounds As Catalyst For Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of 2-Methylfuran
title_short Silicoaluminophosphates Number 5 (Sapo-5) Zeolite Templated By Imidazolium Compounds As Catalyst For Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of 2-Methylfuran
title_full Silicoaluminophosphates Number 5 (Sapo-5) Zeolite Templated By Imidazolium Compounds As Catalyst For Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of 2-Methylfuran
title_fullStr Silicoaluminophosphates Number 5 (Sapo-5) Zeolite Templated By Imidazolium Compounds As Catalyst For Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of 2-Methylfuran
title_full_unstemmed Silicoaluminophosphates Number 5 (Sapo-5) Zeolite Templated By Imidazolium Compounds As Catalyst For Friedel-Crafts Acylation Of 2-Methylfuran
title_sort silicoaluminophosphates number 5 (sapo-5) zeolite templated by imidazolium compounds as catalyst for friedel-crafts acylation of 2-methylfuran
publishDate 2021
url http://eprints.usm.my/51939/1/ISMAIL%20ALHASSAN%20AUWAL%20-%20TESIS.pdf
http://eprints.usm.my/51939/
_version_ 1728052017675370496
score 13.211869

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