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Genetic relationship and correspondence of Salmonella Typhi isolated from water samples in typhoid outbreak localities with food handlers and contact by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)

Introduction: Kelantan remains as the highest endemic area in Malaysia for typhoid cases with the incidence rate of 3.29 and 2.8 per 100,000 populations in 2008 and 2010. Salmonella Typhi is the causative pathogen of this illness which transmitted through fecal oral route, causing human is the only...

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Main Author: I., Asma,
Format: Article
Language:en_US
Published: 2015
Subjects:
bacterial strain; bacterium identification; bacterium isolate
data analysis software; disease carrier; disease transmission
human; Malaysia; nonhuman; priority journal;
species difference; typhoid fever; water contamination; water sampling
Online Access:http://ddms.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/8820
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spelling my.usim-88202015-12-22T04:16:44Z Genetic relationship and correspondence of Salmonella Typhi isolated from water samples in typhoid outbreak localities with food handlers and contact by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) I., Asma, bacterial strain; bacterium identification; bacterium isolate data analysis software; disease carrier; disease transmission human; Malaysia; nonhuman; priority journal; species difference; typhoid fever; water contamination; water sampling Introduction: Kelantan remains as the highest endemic area in Malaysia for typhoid cases with the incidence rate of 3.29 and 2.8 per 100,000 populations in 2008 and 2010. Salmonella Typhi is the causative pathogen of this illness which transmitted through fecal oral route, causing human is the only known reservoir for this organism. However, some typhoid cases related to contaminated water had also been reported. Objective: To investigate the genetic diversity and relatedness of Salmonella Typhi isolated from water sample, and stool samples from food handlers and contacts in typhoid outbreak locality, Pasir Mas, Kelantan. Methods: Nine Salmonella Typhi isolated from food handlers and contact while another one isolated from water sample were obtained from Makmal Kesihatan Awam Kota Bharu Kelantan between March to April 2013 and confirmed by biochemical test and serotyping. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed according to CDC PulseNet Protocol and Bio-Rad CHEF MAPPER XA System. Dice Coefficient of Similarity (F value) was calculated for all isolates and a dendogram were constructed using Fingerprinting QuestTM software. The result was compared with previous data collected and interpreted according to the guidelines of Tenover et. al. (1995). Results & Discussion: All nine isolates from food handlers and contacts showed similar PFGE pattern with the isolate from water sample, suggesting the disease was transmitted through water samples from well which is located in the typhoid outbreak area. Moreover, the PFGE pattern was unique and had never been found in S. Typhi previously isolated in Kelantan according to our PFGE database. Conclusion: There are two possibilities of the source of the outbreak. The carriers among food handlers and contact might contaminated the water and causing the outbreak or vice versa. © 2014 Asian Pacific Tropical Medicine Press. 2015-07-14T06:58:20Z 2015-07-14T06:58:20Z 2014 Article 22221808 http://ddms.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/8820 en_US
institution Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
building USIM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universit Sains Islam i Malaysia
content_source USIM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ddms.usim.edu.my/
language en_US
topic bacterial strain; bacterium identification; bacterium isolate
data analysis software; disease carrier; disease transmission
human; Malaysia; nonhuman; priority journal;
species difference; typhoid fever; water contamination; water sampling
spellingShingle bacterial strain; bacterium identification; bacterium isolate
data analysis software; disease carrier; disease transmission
human; Malaysia; nonhuman; priority journal;
species difference; typhoid fever; water contamination; water sampling
I., Asma,
Genetic relationship and correspondence of Salmonella Typhi isolated from water samples in typhoid outbreak localities with food handlers and contact by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)
description Introduction: Kelantan remains as the highest endemic area in Malaysia for typhoid cases with the incidence rate of 3.29 and 2.8 per 100,000 populations in 2008 and 2010. Salmonella Typhi is the causative pathogen of this illness which transmitted through fecal oral route, causing human is the only known reservoir for this organism. However, some typhoid cases related to contaminated water had also been reported. Objective: To investigate the genetic diversity and relatedness of Salmonella Typhi isolated from water sample, and stool samples from food handlers and contacts in typhoid outbreak locality, Pasir Mas, Kelantan. Methods: Nine Salmonella Typhi isolated from food handlers and contact while another one isolated from water sample were obtained from Makmal Kesihatan Awam Kota Bharu Kelantan between March to April 2013 and confirmed by biochemical test and serotyping. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed according to CDC PulseNet Protocol and Bio-Rad CHEF MAPPER XA System. Dice Coefficient of Similarity (F value) was calculated for all isolates and a dendogram were constructed using Fingerprinting QuestTM software. The result was compared with previous data collected and interpreted according to the guidelines of Tenover et. al. (1995). Results & Discussion: All nine isolates from food handlers and contacts showed similar PFGE pattern with the isolate from water sample, suggesting the disease was transmitted through water samples from well which is located in the typhoid outbreak area. Moreover, the PFGE pattern was unique and had never been found in S. Typhi previously isolated in Kelantan according to our PFGE database. Conclusion: There are two possibilities of the source of the outbreak. The carriers among food handlers and contact might contaminated the water and causing the outbreak or vice versa. © 2014 Asian Pacific Tropical Medicine Press.
format Article
author I., Asma,
author_facet I., Asma,
author_sort I., Asma,
title Genetic relationship and correspondence of Salmonella Typhi isolated from water samples in typhoid outbreak localities with food handlers and contact by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)
title_short Genetic relationship and correspondence of Salmonella Typhi isolated from water samples in typhoid outbreak localities with food handlers and contact by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)
title_full Genetic relationship and correspondence of Salmonella Typhi isolated from water samples in typhoid outbreak localities with food handlers and contact by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)
title_fullStr Genetic relationship and correspondence of Salmonella Typhi isolated from water samples in typhoid outbreak localities with food handlers and contact by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)
title_full_unstemmed Genetic relationship and correspondence of Salmonella Typhi isolated from water samples in typhoid outbreak localities with food handlers and contact by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)
title_sort genetic relationship and correspondence of salmonella typhi isolated from water samples in typhoid outbreak localities with food handlers and contact by using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge)
publishDate 2015
url http://ddms.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/8820
_version_ 1645152480256851968
score 13.222552

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