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Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract

Christia vespertilionis or butterfly wings is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat, among others, colds and bronchitis. The plant was also reported to be a remedy for cancer, with several products based on the plant becoming commercially available, raising some safety concerns on its consumpt...

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Main Authors:	Norazhar, Anis Irfan, Wan Ibrahim, Wan Norhamidah, Saleh Hodin, Nur Atikah, Mohd Faudzi, Siti Munirah, Shaari, Khozirah
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Universiti Putra Malaysia Press 2022
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98204/1/01%20JTAS-2386-2021 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98204/ http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/pjtas/browse/regular-issue?article=JTAS-2386-2021
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spelling	my.upm.eprints.982042022-08-13T00:45:46Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98204/ Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract Norazhar, Anis Irfan Wan Ibrahim, Wan Norhamidah Saleh Hodin, Nur Atikah Mohd Faudzi, Siti Munirah Shaari, Khozirah Christia vespertilionis or butterfly wings is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat, among others, colds and bronchitis. The plant was also reported to be a remedy for cancer, with several products based on the plant becoming commercially available, raising some safety concerns on its consumption. The present study was carried out to assess the toxic and teratogenic effects of the plant on the embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as the animal model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 μg/mL of the methanolic leaf extract of C. vespertilionis, starting from 5 to 120 hours post-fertilization (hpf). The median lethal concentration (LC50) value of the extract was determined to be 419.84 μg/mL, which is within the safety limit stipulated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline. However, results from the teratogenicity evaluation revealed multiple signs of developmental defects in embryos exposed to 200 μg/ mL and higher concentrations of the extract. The magnitude of the defects was observed to be concentration-dependent. Moreover, no hatching and spontaneous movement of tail coiling were observed at 400 and 800 μg/mL concentrations due to the delayed growth and early mortality, respectively. A significant reduction in heartbeat rate was also reported for the surviving embryos at the 400 μg/ mL test concentration. The present study has provided preliminary results on the potentially toxic and teratogenic effects of the extract at high concentrations. Universiti Putra Malaysia Press 2022 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98204/1/01%20JTAS-2386-2021 Norazhar, Anis Irfan and Wan Ibrahim, Wan Norhamidah and Saleh Hodin, Nur Atikah and Mohd Faudzi, Siti Munirah and Shaari, Khozirah (2022) Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 45 (2). pp. 351-366. ISSN 1511-3701; ESSN: 2231-8542 http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/pjtas/browse/regular-issue?article=JTAS-2386-2021 10.47836/pjtas.45.2.01
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
building	UPM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source	UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language	English
description	Christia vespertilionis or butterfly wings is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat, among others, colds and bronchitis. The plant was also reported to be a remedy for cancer, with several products based on the plant becoming commercially available, raising some safety concerns on its consumption. The present study was carried out to assess the toxic and teratogenic effects of the plant on the embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as the animal model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 μg/mL of the methanolic leaf extract of C. vespertilionis, starting from 5 to 120 hours post-fertilization (hpf). The median lethal concentration (LC50) value of the extract was determined to be 419.84 μg/mL, which is within the safety limit stipulated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline. However, results from the teratogenicity evaluation revealed multiple signs of developmental defects in embryos exposed to 200 μg/ mL and higher concentrations of the extract. The magnitude of the defects was observed to be concentration-dependent. Moreover, no hatching and spontaneous movement of tail coiling were observed at 400 and 800 μg/mL concentrations due to the delayed growth and early mortality, respectively. A significant reduction in heartbeat rate was also reported for the surviving embryos at the 400 μg/ mL test concentration. The present study has provided preliminary results on the potentially toxic and teratogenic effects of the extract at high concentrations.
format	Article
author	Norazhar, Anis Irfan Wan Ibrahim, Wan Norhamidah Saleh Hodin, Nur Atikah Mohd Faudzi, Siti Munirah Shaari, Khozirah
spellingShingle	Norazhar, Anis Irfan Wan Ibrahim, Wan Norhamidah Saleh Hodin, Nur Atikah Mohd Faudzi, Siti Munirah Shaari, Khozirah Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract
author_facet	Norazhar, Anis Irfan Wan Ibrahim, Wan Norhamidah Saleh Hodin, Nur Atikah Mohd Faudzi, Siti Munirah Shaari, Khozirah
author_sort	Norazhar, Anis Irfan
title	Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract
title_short	Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract
title_full	Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract
title_fullStr	Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract
title_full_unstemmed	Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract
title_sort	zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of christia vespertilionis leaf extract
publisher	Universiti Putra Malaysia Press
publishDate	2022
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98204/1/01%20JTAS-2386-2021 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/98204/ http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/pjtas/browse/regular-issue?article=JTAS-2386-2021
_version_	1743108559363637248
score	13.211869

Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract

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