Transformation of oil palm mesocarp fiber to convertible materials in water at subcritical state
In this research, water at subcritical state was studied as an alternative way to breakdown oil palm mesocarp fibre (OPMF) by analysing their structural and compositional changes at different reaction temperature. High ion products of water in subcritical conditions and the dielectric constant...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97859/1/FK%202021%2032%20UPMIR.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97859/ |
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| Summary: | In this research, water at subcritical state was studied as an alternative way to breakdown
oil palm mesocarp fibre (OPMF) by analysing their structural and compositional changes
at different reaction temperature. High ion products of water in subcritical conditions and
the dielectric constant of water at temperature above 200°C makes water to behave as
acid catalyst and environmentally friendly solvent. The decomposition of OPMF using
subcritical water (Sub CW) method has been carried out at reaction temperature ranging
from 200°C to 300°C and with constant reaction time of 5 min using a batch stainless-steel tube as reactor. The highest oil yield was obtained at 240°C with result values 219.6
mg g-1 dry OPMF due to the behaviour of water to act like ethanol solvent at 240°C (ɛ=
27.0). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified that the
highest number of monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose presented at 240°C was
due to optimum condition for hydrolysis process with sugar yield, 22.17mg g
-1 dry
OPMF. Moreover, morphological and particle size analyses proven that water at Sub
critical state ease hydrolysis process occur as the Sub CW temperature increase to 240°C.
When the reaction temperature gets higher than 240°C, cellulose of OPMF degrades
through pyrolysis process. Increase in Sub CW reaction temperature decreases yield of
solid from 0.286 g g-1 dry OPMF at 200°C to 0.037 g g-1 dry OPMF at 300°C. Thus, Sub
CW at 240°C was able to extract optimum oil and sugar at high yield and reduces solid
residue from mesocarp fibre with the absence of any chemical solvent. |
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