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Environmental flow assessment of a tropical river system using hydrological index methods

Tropical rivers and wetlands are recognized as one of the greatest and most abundant ecosystems in terms of ecological and social benefits. However, climate change, damming, overfishing, water pollution, and the introduction of exotic species threaten these ecosystems, which puts about 65% of river...

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Main Authors: Hairan, Mohammad Haroon, Jamil, Nor Rohaizah, Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal, Looi, Ley Juen, Camara, Moriken
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2021
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97118/1/ABSTRACT.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97118/
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/18/2477
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spelling my.upm.eprints.971182022-10-15T15:00:59Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97118/ Environmental flow assessment of a tropical river system using hydrological index methods Hairan, Mohammad Haroon Jamil, Nor Rohaizah Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal Looi, Ley Juen Camara, Moriken Tropical rivers and wetlands are recognized as one of the greatest and most abundant ecosystems in terms of ecological and social benefits. However, climate change, damming, overfishing, water pollution, and the introduction of exotic species threaten these ecosystems, which puts about 65% of river flow and aquatic ecosystems under a moderate to high level of threat. This paper aims to assess the environmental flow of the Selangor River based on the hydrological index method using the Global Environmental Flow Calculator (GEFC) and Indicators of Hydrological Alterations (IHA) software. The daily flow data collected by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), Malaysia, over a 60-year period (1960–2020) was used in this study to assess the Selangor River flow alterations. As per the results, the river flow has had two distinct periods over the last 60 years. In the first period, the river flows without any alteration and has a natural flow with high flood pulses and low flow pulses. While in the second, or post-impact, period, the flow of the river has a steady condition throughout the year with very little fluctuations between the dry and wet seasons of the year. From the overall comparison of the pre- and post-impact periods, it can be concluded that the minimum flow in the dry seasons of the year has increased, while the maximum flow has decreased in the monsoon seasons during the post-impact period. As a result, the Flow Duration Curve (FDC) and Environmental Management Class (EMC) analysis of the river flow recommends that the Selangor River be managed under EMC “C” to provide sufficient water for both human use and ecosystem conservation, which would also help to avoid a water level drop in the reservoirs. However, further holistic studies are suggested for a detailed analysis of the effects of the dams on aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem services in the Selangor River Basin. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2021 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97118/1/ABSTRACT.pdf Hairan, Mohammad Haroon and Jamil, Nor Rohaizah and Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal and Looi, Ley Juen and Camara, Moriken (2021) Environmental flow assessment of a tropical river system using hydrological index methods. Water, 13 (18). art. no. 2477. pp. 1-14. ISSN 2073-4441 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/18/2477 10.3390/w13182477
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description Tropical rivers and wetlands are recognized as one of the greatest and most abundant ecosystems in terms of ecological and social benefits. However, climate change, damming, overfishing, water pollution, and the introduction of exotic species threaten these ecosystems, which puts about 65% of river flow and aquatic ecosystems under a moderate to high level of threat. This paper aims to assess the environmental flow of the Selangor River based on the hydrological index method using the Global Environmental Flow Calculator (GEFC) and Indicators of Hydrological Alterations (IHA) software. The daily flow data collected by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), Malaysia, over a 60-year period (1960–2020) was used in this study to assess the Selangor River flow alterations. As per the results, the river flow has had two distinct periods over the last 60 years. In the first period, the river flows without any alteration and has a natural flow with high flood pulses and low flow pulses. While in the second, or post-impact, period, the flow of the river has a steady condition throughout the year with very little fluctuations between the dry and wet seasons of the year. From the overall comparison of the pre- and post-impact periods, it can be concluded that the minimum flow in the dry seasons of the year has increased, while the maximum flow has decreased in the monsoon seasons during the post-impact period. As a result, the Flow Duration Curve (FDC) and Environmental Management Class (EMC) analysis of the river flow recommends that the Selangor River be managed under EMC “C” to provide sufficient water for both human use and ecosystem conservation, which would also help to avoid a water level drop in the reservoirs. However, further holistic studies are suggested for a detailed analysis of the effects of the dams on aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem services in the Selangor River Basin.
format Article
author Hairan, Mohammad Haroon
Jamil, Nor Rohaizah
Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal
Looi, Ley Juen
Camara, Moriken
spellingShingle Hairan, Mohammad Haroon
Jamil, Nor Rohaizah
Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal
Looi, Ley Juen
Camara, Moriken
Environmental flow assessment of a tropical river system using hydrological index methods
author_facet Hairan, Mohammad Haroon
Jamil, Nor Rohaizah
Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal
Looi, Ley Juen
Camara, Moriken
author_sort Hairan, Mohammad Haroon
title Environmental flow assessment of a tropical river system using hydrological index methods
title_short Environmental flow assessment of a tropical river system using hydrological index methods
title_full Environmental flow assessment of a tropical river system using hydrological index methods
title_fullStr Environmental flow assessment of a tropical river system using hydrological index methods
title_full_unstemmed Environmental flow assessment of a tropical river system using hydrological index methods
title_sort environmental flow assessment of a tropical river system using hydrological index methods
publisher Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publishDate 2021
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97118/1/ABSTRACT.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/97118/
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/18/2477
_version_ 1748182298004553728
score 13.211869

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