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Drone payload and flying speed effects on rotor blades' RPM and traveling pattern for agricultural chemical spraying

The sprayed chemicals by drones have been widely reported to be off-targeted and not uniformly distributed. This study aims to evaluate the drone blade’s revolutions per minute (RPM) and its travelling pattern at different payloads and flight speeds. The obtained results were used to relate to the p...

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Main Authors: Ismail, Siti Amni, Mat Su, Ahmad Suhaizi, Mohd Mustafah, Anas, Yahya, Azmi, Asib, Norhayu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: University of Basrah, College of Agriculture 2021
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96799/1/ABSTRACT.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96799/
https://bjas.bajas.edu.iq/index.php/bjas/article/view/425
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spelling my.upm.eprints.967992022-12-01T03:58:34Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96799/ Drone payload and flying speed effects on rotor blades' RPM and traveling pattern for agricultural chemical spraying Ismail, Siti Amni Mat Su, Ahmad Suhaizi Mohd Mustafah, Anas Yahya, Azmi Asib, Norhayu The sprayed chemicals by drones have been widely reported to be off-targeted and not uniformly distributed. This study aims to evaluate the drone blade’s revolutions per minute (RPM) and its travelling pattern at different payloads and flight speeds. The obtained results were used to relate to the potential effects on the quantity and quality of spraying. In a test flight on an area of 1000 m2, a hexacopter, Advansia A1 was tested in 6 different flying paths of 56 m length. The drone was set to fly at 5 payloads (10, 8, 6, 4, and 2 kg) and 4 flying speeds (i.e. 1, 3, 5, and 7 m.s-1) combinations. The drone travelling pattern and individual rotor blade rpm at each payload-flying speed combinations were analysed. From the result, the RPM of each rotor blade were found to decrease by 14 to 20% as the payload was decreased from 10kg to 0kg. Thus, in actual spraying activities, the changes in RPM could produce a downwash airflow pattern that continually varies from starting point up to the finishing point that would effect on pesticide's distribution along the flying path. On drone travelling pattern, at higher flying speed, a much lesser time and distance was required for the drone to be stabilized to the targeted speed. This relates to the longer time needed by the drone to accelerate and decelerate. The average real speed of the drone was notably reduced to 0.96, 2.72, 3.83 and 4.05 m.s-1, in which, it was, far less than the initial specified speed set at 1, 3, 5, and 7 m.s-1, respectively. The drone flying pattern during spraying needs to be considered for application rate determination to avoid for the crops to be under or over pesticide applications. The obtained finding is remarkably critical and useful in ensuring the efficiency of agricultural chemical spraying activities using drone. University of Basrah, College of Agriculture 2021 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96799/1/ABSTRACT.pdf Ismail, Siti Amni and Mat Su, Ahmad Suhaizi and Mohd Mustafah, Anas and Yahya, Azmi and Asib, Norhayu (2021) Drone payload and flying speed effects on rotor blades' RPM and traveling pattern for agricultural chemical spraying. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 34 (spec.1). 157 - 170. ISSN 1814-5868; ESSN: 2520-0860 https://bjas.bajas.edu.iq/index.php/bjas/article/view/425 10.37077/25200860.2021.34.sp1.16
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description The sprayed chemicals by drones have been widely reported to be off-targeted and not uniformly distributed. This study aims to evaluate the drone blade’s revolutions per minute (RPM) and its travelling pattern at different payloads and flight speeds. The obtained results were used to relate to the potential effects on the quantity and quality of spraying. In a test flight on an area of 1000 m2, a hexacopter, Advansia A1 was tested in 6 different flying paths of 56 m length. The drone was set to fly at 5 payloads (10, 8, 6, 4, and 2 kg) and 4 flying speeds (i.e. 1, 3, 5, and 7 m.s-1) combinations. The drone travelling pattern and individual rotor blade rpm at each payload-flying speed combinations were analysed. From the result, the RPM of each rotor blade were found to decrease by 14 to 20% as the payload was decreased from 10kg to 0kg. Thus, in actual spraying activities, the changes in RPM could produce a downwash airflow pattern that continually varies from starting point up to the finishing point that would effect on pesticide's distribution along the flying path. On drone travelling pattern, at higher flying speed, a much lesser time and distance was required for the drone to be stabilized to the targeted speed. This relates to the longer time needed by the drone to accelerate and decelerate. The average real speed of the drone was notably reduced to 0.96, 2.72, 3.83 and 4.05 m.s-1, in which, it was, far less than the initial specified speed set at 1, 3, 5, and 7 m.s-1, respectively. The drone flying pattern during spraying needs to be considered for application rate determination to avoid for the crops to be under or over pesticide applications. The obtained finding is remarkably critical and useful in ensuring the efficiency of agricultural chemical spraying activities using drone.
format Article
author Ismail, Siti Amni
Mat Su, Ahmad Suhaizi
Mohd Mustafah, Anas
Yahya, Azmi
Asib, Norhayu
spellingShingle Ismail, Siti Amni
Mat Su, Ahmad Suhaizi
Mohd Mustafah, Anas
Yahya, Azmi
Asib, Norhayu
Drone payload and flying speed effects on rotor blades' RPM and traveling pattern for agricultural chemical spraying
author_facet Ismail, Siti Amni
Mat Su, Ahmad Suhaizi
Mohd Mustafah, Anas
Yahya, Azmi
Asib, Norhayu
author_sort Ismail, Siti Amni
title Drone payload and flying speed effects on rotor blades' RPM and traveling pattern for agricultural chemical spraying
title_short Drone payload and flying speed effects on rotor blades' RPM and traveling pattern for agricultural chemical spraying
title_full Drone payload and flying speed effects on rotor blades' RPM and traveling pattern for agricultural chemical spraying
title_fullStr Drone payload and flying speed effects on rotor blades' RPM and traveling pattern for agricultural chemical spraying
title_full_unstemmed Drone payload and flying speed effects on rotor blades' RPM and traveling pattern for agricultural chemical spraying
title_sort drone payload and flying speed effects on rotor blades' rpm and traveling pattern for agricultural chemical spraying
publisher University of Basrah, College of Agriculture
publishDate 2021
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96799/1/ABSTRACT.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96799/
https://bjas.bajas.edu.iq/index.php/bjas/article/view/425
_version_ 1751538257132257280
score 13.211869

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