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Controlling Fusarium oxysporum tomato fruit rot under tropical condition using both chitosan and vanillin

Tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. is one of the most cultivated and widely consumed vegetables in the world. However, it is very susceptible to the infection initiated by Fusariumoxysporum fruit rot, which shortens post-harvest life and thus reduces market value. This disease can be regulated app...

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Main Authors: Safari, Zahir Shah, Ding, Phebe, Jaafar, Juju Nakasha, Yusoff, Siti Fairuz
Format: Article
Published: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2021
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96530/
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/11/3/367
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spelling my.upm.eprints.965302023-01-11T08:28:59Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96530/ Controlling Fusarium oxysporum tomato fruit rot under tropical condition using both chitosan and vanillin Safari, Zahir Shah Ding, Phebe Jaafar, Juju Nakasha Yusoff, Siti Fairuz Tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. is one of the most cultivated and widely consumed vegetables in the world. However, it is very susceptible to the infection initiated by Fusariumoxysporum fruit rot, which shortens post-harvest life and thus reduces market value. This disease can be regulated appropriately by the application of synthetic fungicides. However, chemical fungicides constitute a serious health risk, and have harmful environment effects and increase disease resistance, even when microbes are dead. Hence, to overcome this problem, chitosan and vanillin, which have antimicrobial bioactive properties against the growth of microorganisms, could be an alternative to disease control, while maintaining fruit quality and prolonging shelf life. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of chitosan and vanillin towards the inoculate pathogen and to investigate the effect of chitosan and vanillin coating in vivo on Fusarium oxysporum fruit rot and defense-related enzymes (PAL, PPO and POD). Chitosan and vanillin in aqueous solutions, i.e., 0.5% chitosan + 10 mM vanillin, 1% chitosan + 10 mM vanillin, 1.5% chitosan + 10 mM vanillin, 0.5% chitosan + 15 mM vanillin, 1% chitosan + 15 mM vanillin and 1.5% chitosan + 15 mM vanillin, were used as edible coatings on tomatoes stored at 26 ± 2 °C and 60 ± 5 relative humidity. The result revealed 1.5% chitosan + 15 mM vanillin was able to control disease incidence by 70.84% and severity by 70%. These combinations of coatings were also able to retain phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase activity (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme activities as well as prolong shelf life of tomatoes up to 15 days. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2021 Article PeerReviewed Safari, Zahir Shah and Ding, Phebe and Jaafar, Juju Nakasha and Yusoff, Siti Fairuz (2021) Controlling Fusarium oxysporum tomato fruit rot under tropical condition using both chitosan and vanillin. Coatings, 11 (3). pp. 1-21. ISSN 2079-6412 https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/11/3/367 10.3390/coatings11030367
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description Tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. is one of the most cultivated and widely consumed vegetables in the world. However, it is very susceptible to the infection initiated by Fusariumoxysporum fruit rot, which shortens post-harvest life and thus reduces market value. This disease can be regulated appropriately by the application of synthetic fungicides. However, chemical fungicides constitute a serious health risk, and have harmful environment effects and increase disease resistance, even when microbes are dead. Hence, to overcome this problem, chitosan and vanillin, which have antimicrobial bioactive properties against the growth of microorganisms, could be an alternative to disease control, while maintaining fruit quality and prolonging shelf life. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of chitosan and vanillin towards the inoculate pathogen and to investigate the effect of chitosan and vanillin coating in vivo on Fusarium oxysporum fruit rot and defense-related enzymes (PAL, PPO and POD). Chitosan and vanillin in aqueous solutions, i.e., 0.5% chitosan + 10 mM vanillin, 1% chitosan + 10 mM vanillin, 1.5% chitosan + 10 mM vanillin, 0.5% chitosan + 15 mM vanillin, 1% chitosan + 15 mM vanillin and 1.5% chitosan + 15 mM vanillin, were used as edible coatings on tomatoes stored at 26 ± 2 °C and 60 ± 5 relative humidity. The result revealed 1.5% chitosan + 15 mM vanillin was able to control disease incidence by 70.84% and severity by 70%. These combinations of coatings were also able to retain phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase activity (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme activities as well as prolong shelf life of tomatoes up to 15 days.
format Article
author Safari, Zahir Shah
Ding, Phebe
Jaafar, Juju Nakasha
Yusoff, Siti Fairuz
spellingShingle Safari, Zahir Shah
Ding, Phebe
Jaafar, Juju Nakasha
Yusoff, Siti Fairuz
Controlling Fusarium oxysporum tomato fruit rot under tropical condition using both chitosan and vanillin
author_facet Safari, Zahir Shah
Ding, Phebe
Jaafar, Juju Nakasha
Yusoff, Siti Fairuz
author_sort Safari, Zahir Shah
title Controlling Fusarium oxysporum tomato fruit rot under tropical condition using both chitosan and vanillin
title_short Controlling Fusarium oxysporum tomato fruit rot under tropical condition using both chitosan and vanillin
title_full Controlling Fusarium oxysporum tomato fruit rot under tropical condition using both chitosan and vanillin
title_fullStr Controlling Fusarium oxysporum tomato fruit rot under tropical condition using both chitosan and vanillin
title_full_unstemmed Controlling Fusarium oxysporum tomato fruit rot under tropical condition using both chitosan and vanillin
title_sort controlling fusarium oxysporum tomato fruit rot under tropical condition using both chitosan and vanillin
publisher Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publishDate 2021
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/96530/
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/11/3/367
_version_ 1755873910545448960
score 13.211869

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