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Selection of acid salts: a critical step in creating an acidic condition for plasma iron release and measurement

Introduction: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anaemia worldwide. Determination of body iron status is necessary to diagnose IDA. This can be measured using a biochemistry assessment of the serum/ plasma. Plasma/serum iron quantitation is also important in diagnosing iron ov...

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Main Authors: Lim, Wai Feng, Abdullah, Maha, Ho, Kok Lian, Yap, Boon Kar, Lai, Mei I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia 2020
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/90190/1/8upm.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/90190/
https://medic.upm.edu.my/upload/dokumen/2020110611091108_2020_0375.pdf
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spelling my.upm.eprints.901902021-09-08T22:41:44Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/90190/ Selection of acid salts: a critical step in creating an acidic condition for plasma iron release and measurement Lim, Wai Feng Abdullah, Maha Ho, Kok Lian Yap, Boon Kar Lai, Mei I. Introduction: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anaemia worldwide. Determination of body iron status is necessary to diagnose IDA. This can be measured using a biochemistry assessment of the serum/ plasma. Plasma/serum iron quantitation is also important in diagnosing iron overload disorders. However, iron studies are limited due to high cost and lack of access to biochemical analysers. Therefore, a cost- and technical-effective method is needed to measure human plasma iron concentration. Plasma iron is mainly transferrin-bound and an acidic plasmic condition is necessary to release the iron. This study investigated various candidate acid salts to achieve the acidic condition needed for plasma iron release. Method: Ten powdered or crystallised acid salts were studied for their water solubility as well as their pH reduction capability in revised simulated body fluid (r-SBF) and commercially available human plasma without any change in colour or form. Results: Six acid salts studied were discontinued from further investigation because they were insoluble in water. Another two candidates were unsuitable as they precipitated in r-SBF and human plasma. Maleic acid formed a jelly-like texture after a certain amount of time in human plasma. Only citric acid met all the criteria of a suitable acid salt to be investigated further as part of the reagent for a spontaneous plasma iron measurement. Conclusion: Citric acid, which is a colourless and odourless acid salt, was selected to lower the human plasma pH to an acidic condition for transferrin-bound iron release. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia 2020-11 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/90190/1/8upm.pdf Lim, Wai Feng and Abdullah, Maha and Ho, Kok Lian and Yap, Boon Kar and Lai, Mei I. (2020) Selection of acid salts: a critical step in creating an acidic condition for plasma iron release and measurement. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 16 (suppl. 9). pp. 52-57. ISSN 1675-8544; ESSN: 2636-9346 https://medic.upm.edu.my/upload/dokumen/2020110611091108_2020_0375.pdf
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description Introduction: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anaemia worldwide. Determination of body iron status is necessary to diagnose IDA. This can be measured using a biochemistry assessment of the serum/ plasma. Plasma/serum iron quantitation is also important in diagnosing iron overload disorders. However, iron studies are limited due to high cost and lack of access to biochemical analysers. Therefore, a cost- and technical-effective method is needed to measure human plasma iron concentration. Plasma iron is mainly transferrin-bound and an acidic plasmic condition is necessary to release the iron. This study investigated various candidate acid salts to achieve the acidic condition needed for plasma iron release. Method: Ten powdered or crystallised acid salts were studied for their water solubility as well as their pH reduction capability in revised simulated body fluid (r-SBF) and commercially available human plasma without any change in colour or form. Results: Six acid salts studied were discontinued from further investigation because they were insoluble in water. Another two candidates were unsuitable as they precipitated in r-SBF and human plasma. Maleic acid formed a jelly-like texture after a certain amount of time in human plasma. Only citric acid met all the criteria of a suitable acid salt to be investigated further as part of the reagent for a spontaneous plasma iron measurement. Conclusion: Citric acid, which is a colourless and odourless acid salt, was selected to lower the human plasma pH to an acidic condition for transferrin-bound iron release.
format Article
author Lim, Wai Feng
Abdullah, Maha
Ho, Kok Lian
Yap, Boon Kar
Lai, Mei I.
spellingShingle Lim, Wai Feng
Abdullah, Maha
Ho, Kok Lian
Yap, Boon Kar
Lai, Mei I.
Selection of acid salts: a critical step in creating an acidic condition for plasma iron release and measurement
author_facet Lim, Wai Feng
Abdullah, Maha
Ho, Kok Lian
Yap, Boon Kar
Lai, Mei I.
author_sort Lim, Wai Feng
title Selection of acid salts: a critical step in creating an acidic condition for plasma iron release and measurement
title_short Selection of acid salts: a critical step in creating an acidic condition for plasma iron release and measurement
title_full Selection of acid salts: a critical step in creating an acidic condition for plasma iron release and measurement
title_fullStr Selection of acid salts: a critical step in creating an acidic condition for plasma iron release and measurement
title_full_unstemmed Selection of acid salts: a critical step in creating an acidic condition for plasma iron release and measurement
title_sort selection of acid salts: a critical step in creating an acidic condition for plasma iron release and measurement
publisher Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate 2020
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/90190/1/8upm.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/90190/
https://medic.upm.edu.my/upload/dokumen/2020110611091108_2020_0375.pdf
_version_ 1710677199155101696
score 13.211869

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