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First evidence of scale drop disease virus in farmed Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Malaysia

An unknown disease event in marine cage-cultured Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) was observed in Malaysia in September 2019, which affected adult-sized fish and resulted in significant mortality. Affected fish showed gross signs resembling scale drop disease such as lethargy, darkened dorsal part o...

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Main Authors: Mohamad, Nurliyana, B., Lukman, Md Yasin, Ina Salwany, Saad, Mohd Zamri, Salleh, Annas, Dong, H. T., C., Rodkhum, Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2020
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89026/1/VIRUS.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89026/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848620310127
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spelling my.upm.eprints.890262021-09-21T23:54:47Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89026/ First evidence of scale drop disease virus in farmed Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Malaysia Mohamad, Nurliyana B., Lukman Md Yasin, Ina Salwany Saad, Mohd Zamri Salleh, Annas Dong, H. T. C., Rodkhum Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal An unknown disease event in marine cage-cultured Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) was observed in Malaysia in September 2019, which affected adult-sized fish and resulted in significant mortality. Affected fish showed gross signs resembling scale drop disease such as lethargy, darkened dorsal part of the body, easily detached scales, severe scale loss, reddening and hemorrhage at the ventral part of the body, and tendency to swim at the water surface. Histopathological examinations revealed abnormal changes in multiple internal organs including vacuolated cytoplasm hepatocytes, necrotic kidney tubules, atrophied glomeruli, blood congestion and hemorrhage in the spleen and brain, as well as penetration of lymphocytic inflammatory cells. Notably, basophilic hypertrophied cells and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were occasionally observed in the liver, indicating suspected viral aetiology. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the presence of multiple viral particles in the cytoplasm of the infected cells. Subsequently, PCR and sequence analyses revealed that all affected fish were positive to scale drop disease virus (SDDV), which was absent from the clinically healthy fish. Phylogeny analysis based on complete ORF 060 L (encoding major capsid protein) revealed high similarity between the SDDV from Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore. This study provides first evidence of SDDV infection in cultured Asian seabass in Malaysia. We thus recommend that active surveillance should be prioritized for concentrated Asian seabass farming areas in Malaysia to prevent spread of the disease nation-wide. Elsevier 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89026/1/VIRUS.pdf Mohamad, Nurliyana and B., Lukman and Md Yasin, Ina Salwany and Saad, Mohd Zamri and Salleh, Annas and Dong, H. T. and C., Rodkhum and Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal (2020) First evidence of scale drop disease virus in farmed Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Malaysia. Aquaculture, 528. art. no. 735600. pp. 1-5. ISSN 0044-8486 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848620310127 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735600
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description An unknown disease event in marine cage-cultured Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) was observed in Malaysia in September 2019, which affected adult-sized fish and resulted in significant mortality. Affected fish showed gross signs resembling scale drop disease such as lethargy, darkened dorsal part of the body, easily detached scales, severe scale loss, reddening and hemorrhage at the ventral part of the body, and tendency to swim at the water surface. Histopathological examinations revealed abnormal changes in multiple internal organs including vacuolated cytoplasm hepatocytes, necrotic kidney tubules, atrophied glomeruli, blood congestion and hemorrhage in the spleen and brain, as well as penetration of lymphocytic inflammatory cells. Notably, basophilic hypertrophied cells and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were occasionally observed in the liver, indicating suspected viral aetiology. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the presence of multiple viral particles in the cytoplasm of the infected cells. Subsequently, PCR and sequence analyses revealed that all affected fish were positive to scale drop disease virus (SDDV), which was absent from the clinically healthy fish. Phylogeny analysis based on complete ORF 060 L (encoding major capsid protein) revealed high similarity between the SDDV from Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore. This study provides first evidence of SDDV infection in cultured Asian seabass in Malaysia. We thus recommend that active surveillance should be prioritized for concentrated Asian seabass farming areas in Malaysia to prevent spread of the disease nation-wide.
format Article
author Mohamad, Nurliyana
B., Lukman
Md Yasin, Ina Salwany
Saad, Mohd Zamri
Salleh, Annas
Dong, H. T.
C., Rodkhum
Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal
spellingShingle Mohamad, Nurliyana
B., Lukman
Md Yasin, Ina Salwany
Saad, Mohd Zamri
Salleh, Annas
Dong, H. T.
C., Rodkhum
Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal
First evidence of scale drop disease virus in farmed Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Malaysia
author_facet Mohamad, Nurliyana
B., Lukman
Md Yasin, Ina Salwany
Saad, Mohd Zamri
Salleh, Annas
Dong, H. T.
C., Rodkhum
Azmai, Mohammad Noor Amal
author_sort Mohamad, Nurliyana
title First evidence of scale drop disease virus in farmed Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Malaysia
title_short First evidence of scale drop disease virus in farmed Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Malaysia
title_full First evidence of scale drop disease virus in farmed Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Malaysia
title_fullStr First evidence of scale drop disease virus in farmed Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed First evidence of scale drop disease virus in farmed Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Malaysia
title_sort first evidence of scale drop disease virus in farmed asian seabass (lates calcarifer) in malaysia
publisher Elsevier
publishDate 2020
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89026/1/VIRUS.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89026/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848620310127
_version_ 1712286747715436544
score 13.211869

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