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Eupatorin suppressed tumour progression and enhanced immunity in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model

Eupatorin is a polymethoxy flavone extracted from Orthosiphon stamineus and was reported to exhibit cytotoxic effects on several cancer cell lines. However, its effect as an anti–breast cancer agent in vivo has yet to be determined. This study aims to elucidate the potential of eupatorin as an anti–...

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Main Authors: Abd Razak, Nursyamirah, Swee, Keong Yeap, Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu, Ho, Wan Yong, Yong, Chean Yeah, Tan, Sheau Wei, Tan, Wen Siang, Long, Kamariah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publications 2020
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88858/1/ABSTRACT.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88858/
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1534735420935625
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spelling my.upm.eprints.888582021-10-07T03:50:30Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88858/ Eupatorin suppressed tumour progression and enhanced immunity in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model Abd Razak, Nursyamirah Swee, Keong Yeap Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu Ho, Wan Yong Yong, Chean Yeah Tan, Sheau Wei Tan, Wen Siang Long, Kamariah Eupatorin is a polymethoxy flavone extracted from Orthosiphon stamineus and was reported to exhibit cytotoxic effects on several cancer cell lines. However, its effect as an anti–breast cancer agent in vivo has yet to be determined. This study aims to elucidate the potential of eupatorin as an anti–breast cancer agent in vivo using 4T1 challenged BALB/c mice model. In this article, BALB/c mice (20-22 g) challenged with 4T1 cells were treated with 5 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg eupatorin, while the untreated and healthy mice were fed with olive oil (vehicle) via oral gavage. After 28 days of experiment, the mice were sacrificed and blood was collected for serum cytokine assay, while tumors were harvested to extract RNA and protein for gene expression assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Organs such as spleen and lung were harvested for immune suppression and clonogenic assay, respectively. Eupatorin (20 mg/kg) was effective in delaying the tumor development and reducing metastasis to the lung compared with the untreated mice. Eupatorin (20 mg/kg) also enhanced the immunity as the population of NK1.1+ and CD8+ in the splenocytes and the serum interferon-γ were increased. Concurrently, eupatorin treatment also has downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory and metastatic related genes (IL-1β. MMP9, TNF-α, and NF-κB). Thus, this study demonstrated that eupatorin at the highest dosage of 20 mg/kg body weight was effective in delaying the 4T1-induced breast tumor growth in the animal model. SAGE Publications 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88858/1/ABSTRACT.pdf Abd Razak, Nursyamirah and Swee, Keong Yeap and Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu and Ho, Wan Yong and Yong, Chean Yeah and Tan, Sheau Wei and Tan, Wen Siang and Long, Kamariah (2020) Eupatorin suppressed tumour progression and enhanced immunity in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 19. pp. 1-13. ISSN 1534-7354; ESSN: 1552-695X https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1534735420935625 10.1177/1534735420935625
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description Eupatorin is a polymethoxy flavone extracted from Orthosiphon stamineus and was reported to exhibit cytotoxic effects on several cancer cell lines. However, its effect as an anti–breast cancer agent in vivo has yet to be determined. This study aims to elucidate the potential of eupatorin as an anti–breast cancer agent in vivo using 4T1 challenged BALB/c mice model. In this article, BALB/c mice (20-22 g) challenged with 4T1 cells were treated with 5 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg eupatorin, while the untreated and healthy mice were fed with olive oil (vehicle) via oral gavage. After 28 days of experiment, the mice were sacrificed and blood was collected for serum cytokine assay, while tumors were harvested to extract RNA and protein for gene expression assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Organs such as spleen and lung were harvested for immune suppression and clonogenic assay, respectively. Eupatorin (20 mg/kg) was effective in delaying the tumor development and reducing metastasis to the lung compared with the untreated mice. Eupatorin (20 mg/kg) also enhanced the immunity as the population of NK1.1+ and CD8+ in the splenocytes and the serum interferon-γ were increased. Concurrently, eupatorin treatment also has downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory and metastatic related genes (IL-1β. MMP9, TNF-α, and NF-κB). Thus, this study demonstrated that eupatorin at the highest dosage of 20 mg/kg body weight was effective in delaying the 4T1-induced breast tumor growth in the animal model.
format Article
author Abd Razak, Nursyamirah
Swee, Keong Yeap
Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu
Ho, Wan Yong
Yong, Chean Yeah
Tan, Sheau Wei
Tan, Wen Siang
Long, Kamariah
spellingShingle Abd Razak, Nursyamirah
Swee, Keong Yeap
Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu
Ho, Wan Yong
Yong, Chean Yeah
Tan, Sheau Wei
Tan, Wen Siang
Long, Kamariah
Eupatorin suppressed tumour progression and enhanced immunity in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model
author_facet Abd Razak, Nursyamirah
Swee, Keong Yeap
Alitheen, Noorjahan Banu
Ho, Wan Yong
Yong, Chean Yeah
Tan, Sheau Wei
Tan, Wen Siang
Long, Kamariah
author_sort Abd Razak, Nursyamirah
title Eupatorin suppressed tumour progression and enhanced immunity in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model
title_short Eupatorin suppressed tumour progression and enhanced immunity in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model
title_full Eupatorin suppressed tumour progression and enhanced immunity in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model
title_fullStr Eupatorin suppressed tumour progression and enhanced immunity in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model
title_full_unstemmed Eupatorin suppressed tumour progression and enhanced immunity in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model
title_sort eupatorin suppressed tumour progression and enhanced immunity in a 4t1 murine breast cancer model
publisher SAGE Publications
publishDate 2020
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88858/1/ABSTRACT.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88858/
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1534735420935625
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score 13.211869

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