The Role of Multi-Media Approach in Narrowing the Kap-Gaps Among the Farmers of the Strategic Extension Campaign in Muda Irrigation Scheme in Malaysia
The objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the level of Knowledge Attitude and Practice (KAP) on the Brown Plant Hopper (BPH) control management technology between the farmers with low and high socio-economic status (SES) in the Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA) area before a...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
1997
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/8210/1/FEM_1997_8_A.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/8210/ |
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| Summary: | The objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the level of Knowledge
Attitude and Practice (KAP) on the Brown Plant Hopper (BPH) control
management technology between the farmers with low and high socio-economic
status (SES) in the Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA) area
before and after the Strategic Extension Campaign (SEC); (2) to determine the
change in KAP-gaps on the BPH control management technology among those
farmers before and after the SEC; (3) to determine the relationship between
farmer's characteristics and social activities, and the KAP-level before the SEC;
(4) to determine the relationship between farmer's characteristics, social activities
and rimlti-media factors in the SEC and the KAP-Ievel after the SEC; and (5) to
predict the KAP-Ievel based on the KAP-equation of low and high-SES farmers in
the MADA area, Malaysia.The MADA had launched the SEC on BPH control management based on a
KAP-survey. This study was designed as Pre and Post Campaign study. The KAP survey
results as the secondary data of the study was the benchmark data of the precampaign
study. The study evaluated effects of the campaign. A sample of 189
farmers were selected by using the stratified sampling procedures. Data were
gathered by means of personal interviews using structured questionnaire and
analysed using the SPSS for Window version 7.5. The ANOVA-test and Pearson
product-moment correlation were used to test the hypotheses. Stepwise multiple
regression was employed to determine which of the independent variables of the
study are strong predictors of the KAP-level.
The findings revealed that KAP-Ievel of both low and high-SES farmers on
the technology of BPH control management had increased after the multi-media
campaign. However, the multi-media approach of SEC had narrowed the KAP-gaps
of these farmers. It was found that, therefore, the degree of equality with regards to
the KAP-level in the Muda Irrigation Scheme area had increased.
Organisational membership and paddy income were found to be positively
related to KAP-level of the low-SES farmers before the campaign, while age was
found to be negatively related to the KAP-level. Meanwhile, in the high-SES
farmers groups before the campaign, the organisational membership was found to
be positively related to their KAP-level.After the campaign, educational attainment, paddy income, organisational
membership, contacts with change agent, cosmopoliteness, multi-media exposure,
frequency of using, understanding level, usefulness of the multi-media messages,
and farmers' perception on the multi-media approach of SEC were found to be
positively related to the KAP-level of the low-SES farmers. Age and farmers'
preference on the printed media, however, were found to be negatively related to
KAP. In the high-SES groups, all the independent variables were found to be
positively related except the farmer's preference on the printed media which was
found to be negatively related to the KAP-level.
The stepwise multiple regression analysis suggests that organisational
membership is strong predictor of the KAP-level of the low and high-SES farmers
before the campaign. However, the multi-media exposure, farmers' perception on
the multi-media approach of SEC, and organisational memberships are the
important predictors of the KAP-level of the farmers with low-SES after the
campaign.
The contacts with change agents, multi-media exposure, and organisational
memberships were also found to be the important predictors of the KAP-level of
the farmers in the high-SES group. It is recommended that, therefore, in order to
increase the KAP-level of those two group of farmers, the task-force of SEC should
pay attention to the above predictors. |
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